GENUS 44. 



GRASS FAMILY. 



207 



12. Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. Rough 

 Hair-grass. Fool-hay. Silk-grass. Fig. 498. 



Cornucopiae hyemalis Walt. Fl. Car. 73. 1788. 

 Agrostis scabra Willd. Sp. PI. i: 370. 1798. 

 Agrostis hyemalis B.S.P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 68. 1888. 



Culms i-2 tall, erect, slender, simple, smooth and 

 glabrous. Sheaths generally shorter than the internodes ; 

 ligule i "-2" long; blades 2 '-5' long, i"-ii" wide, usually 

 erect, roughish ; panicle 6'-2 long, usually purplish, the 

 capillary scabrous branches ascending, sometimes widely 

 spreading, or often drooping, the lower 3 '-6' long, divid- 

 ing above the middle, the divisions spikelet-bearing at the 

 extremities; spikelets |"-i" long, the outer scales acute, 

 scabrous toward the apex and on the keel ; third scale 

 two-thirds the length of the first or equalling it, obtuse, 

 rarely bearing a short awn ; palet usually very small. 



In dry or moist soil, nearly throughout North America ex- 

 cept the extreme north. Tickle-grass. Fly-away, Rough or 

 Rough-leaved Bent-grass. July-Aug. 



Agrostis antecedens Bicknell, of eastern Massachusetts, 

 differs in having the spikelets clustered at the ends of the 

 branches. 



1. * 



13. Agrostis oreophila Trin. New England 

 Bent-grass. Fig. 499. 



? Agrostis novae-angliae Tuckerm. Hovey's Mag. 9: 143. 



April, 1843. 

 f 'Agrostis altissima var. laxa Tuckerm. Am. Journ. Sci. 



45: 44. October, 1843. 

 A. oreophila Trin. Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. VI. 6 2 : 323. 



1845- 



Culms S'-is' tall, erect, simple, smooth and gla- 

 brous. Sheaths longer than the internodes, gener- 

 ally overlapping; ligule i" long; blades i'-3z' long, 

 i" wide or less, erect, usually involute, scabrous; 

 panicle $-7' in length, open, the branches spreading 

 or ascending, dividing at or below the middle, the 

 divisions divergent, the pedicels often appressed; 

 spikelets il-"-ii" long, the outer scales acute, strongly 

 scabrous on the keel ; third scale somewhat shorter, 

 obtuse. 



Newfoundland, south to the high' mountains of New 

 England, New York and North Carolina. 



45. CALAMAGROSTIS Adans. Fam. PI. 2: 31. 1763. 



[DEYEUXIA Clarion; Beauv. Agrost, 43. pi. 9. f. 9, 10. 1812.] 



Generally perennial grasses, of various habit, with flat leaf-blades and paniculate inflores- 

 cence. Spikelets i-flowered, the rachilla usually prolonged beyond the flower and pubescent. 

 Scales 3 ; the 2 outer empty, carinate, membranous ; the third scale hyaline, shorter than the 

 outer, obtuse, usually copiously long-hairy at the base, or rarely the hairs scanty or short, and 

 bearing a straight, bent or twisted dorsal awn ; palet shorter, 2-nerved. Stamens 3. Styles 

 short, distinct. Stigmas plumose. Grain free, enclosed in the scale. Seed adherent to the 

 pericarp. [Greek, signifying Reed-grass.] 



A genus of about 150 species, widely distributed throughout temperate and mountainous 

 regions, and particularly numerous in the Andes. Besides the following, some 25 others occur in 

 the western parts of North America. The English name Small-reed is applied to any of the species. 

 Type species : Arundo Calamagrostis L. 



Prolongation of the rachilla hairy its whole length. 



Awn strongly bent, exserted, hairs of the callus usually much shorter than the scale. 



Leaf-sheaths naked at the summit, rarely bearded ; panicle tinged with purple ; empty scales 



rather thick. 



Basal hairs Y 4 as long as the flowering scale or less. i. C. Pickeringii. 



Basal hairs about Y 2 - 2 /3 as long as the flowering scale. 2. C. lacustris. 



Leaf-sheaths bearded at the summit ; panicle pale ; empty scales thin. 



Spikelets 2"-$" long ; callus hairs sparse ; palet about equalling the scale. 3. C. Porteri. 

 Spikelets i%"-2" long; callus hairs copious; palet shorter than the scale. 4. C. perple.va. 

 Awn straight, included, hairs of the callus little if any shorter than the scale. 

 Panicle open, the lower rays widely spreading. 



Spikelets 2" -3" long, very acuminate. 5. C. Langsdorfii. 



Spikelets i $-"-2" long ; panicle usually loosely flowered. 6. C. canadensis, 



Spikelets i"-iJ4" long; panicle rather densely flowered. 7. C. Macouniana, 



