GENUS i. 



RUSH FAMILY. 



469 



H/2. 



7. Juncus maritimus Lam. Sea Rush. 



Juncits martimits Lam. Encycl. 3: 264. 1789. 



Stems 2o'-4o' high, \"-2" thick, erect from a stout 

 horizontal rootstock. Outer basal leaves reduced to 

 bladeless sheaths, the innermost foliose, with a long 

 terete stout blade about equalling the stem ; leaf of the 

 inflorescence erect, sometimes i long, sometimes 

 barely exceeding the panicle ; panicle 3'-8' high, its 

 branches stiff, erect; heads 2-6-fio\vered; perianth 

 \\"-\\" long, its parts green, lanceolate, with hya- 

 line margins, the outer acuminate, the inner a little 

 shorter; flowers perfect; stamens 6, two-thirds as long 

 as the perianth ; filaments about as long as the anthers ; 

 capsule ii"-ii" long, narrowly ovoid, acute, mu- 

 cronate, brown above, 3-celled, with thin placentae ; 

 seed brown, about \" long, the body narrowly and 

 obliquely oblong, about g" in length, 2O-3O-ribbed, in- 

 distinctly reticulate, tailed at either end. 



Coney Island, New York, the station now, perhaps, de- 

 stroyed. Common on the coasts of the eastern hemi- 

 sphere. 



8. Juncus bufonius L. Toad Rush. Fig. 11/3. 



Juncus bufonius L. Sp. PI. 328. 1753. 



Plant branching from the base, annual, erect, seldom 

 exceeding 8' in height, the stems in large plants with 

 i or 2 leaves below the inflorescence; leaf-blade flat, 

 i"-i" wide, in low plants often much narrower and 

 filiform-involute; inflorescence about one-half as high 

 as the plant, with blade-bearing leaves at the lower 

 nodes; flowers inserted singly on its branches, in one 

 form fasciculate ; perianth-parts 2"-$" long, lanceolate, 

 acuminate, equal; stamens usually 6, sometimes 3, 

 seldom half as long as the perianth; anthers shorter 

 than the filaments ; capsule about two-thirds as long 

 as the perianth ; narrowly oblong, obtuse, mucronate, 

 3-celled ; seed broadly oblong, with straight tips, &"-i" 

 long, minutely reticulate in 30-40 longitudinal rows, 

 the areolae broader than long. 



A cosmopolitan species, occurring throughout North 

 America, except the extreme north, frequenting dried-up 

 pools, borders of streams and roadsides in clayey soil. Frog, 

 Toad or Coe-grass. Salt-weed. 



9. Juncus trifidus L. Highland Rush. Fig. 1174. 



Juncus trifidus L. Sp. PI. 326. 1753. 



Densely tufted, ^-12' high; stems closely set on a 

 stout rootstock, erect, about \" thick ; basal leaves 

 reduced to almost bladeless sheaths, the uppermost with 

 a rudimentary blade and fimbriate auricles ; stem-leaf 

 i, inserted near the inflorescence, with a narrower 

 slender, flat or involute blade; inflorescence a cluster 

 of 1-3 flowers, the lowest subtending bract similar to 

 the stem-leaf, the succeeding one much smaller or 

 wanting; perianth dark brown, ii"-rJ" long; stamens 

 6; anthers about as long as the filaments; capsule 

 equalling the perianth, coriaceous, 3-celled, obovoid 

 with a conspicuously mucronate-aristate top; seeds few, 

 narrowly obovoid, acute at the base, irregularly angled, 

 minutely striate both longitudinally and transversely. 



Greenland and Labrador, south on the higher moun- 

 tains of New England and New York to Sam's Point, N. Y., 

 and in North Carolina. Also in Europe and Asia. 



