GENUS i. 



RUSH FAMILY. 



477 



31. Juncus bulbosus L. Bulbous Rush. Fig. 1196. 



Juncus bulbosus L. Sp. PI. 327. 1753. 



Tufted, 2'-8' high ; stems erect, or procumbent and 

 rooting at the joints, usually bulbous. Leaves of two 

 kinds, the basal mostly submersed, filiform, the caul- 

 ine stouter, all with auriculate sheaths 10" long or less, 

 the septa of the blades inconspicuous; panicle of i-io 

 heads; heads top-shaped to hemispheric, 4-i5-flo\vered, 

 some of the flowers often transformed into tufts of 

 small leaves; perianth i'~i' long, its parts nearly 

 equal, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, brown, or with a green 

 midrib ; stamens 3, shorter than the perianth ; anthers a 

 little shorter than the filaments ; capsule narrowly ob- 

 long, obtuse, mucronate, slightly exceeding the peri- 

 anth, brown above, i-celled; seed narrowly oblong, 

 about \" long, acute at base, obtuse and apiculate 

 above, 25-3o-ribbed. 



Labrador, Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. Europe. 



32. Juncus militaris Bigel. Bayonet Rush. Fig. 1197. 



Juncus militaris Bigel. Fl. Bost. Ed. 2, 139. 1824. 



Stems 2o'-4 high, erect, stout, ii"-3" thick below, 

 arising from a stout rootstock. Leaves of two kinds, 

 the submersed borne in dense fascicles on the root- 

 stock and developing filiform, nodose blades some- 

 times 20' long; basal leaves reduced to loose bladeless 

 sheaths, sometimes 10' long; stem leaves i or 2, the 

 lower with a long stout terete blade i"-2" thick at 

 the base, the upper, when present, reduced to a blade- 

 less sheath ; inflorescence 3'-6' high, its bracts with 

 obsolete blades ; heads top-shaped to semiglobose, 6- 

 12-flowered; perianth i2"-if" long, its parts narrowly 

 linear-subulate, the inner longer than the outer; 

 stamens 6, nearly as long; anthers slightly exceeding 

 the filaments; capsule ovoid, acuminate, beaked, i-celled, 

 few-seeded, about equalling perianth ; seed obovoid, 

 about i" long, reticulated in about 24 rows. 



Shallow margins of lakes, ponds or streams, Nova Scotia 

 to northern New York and Maryland. 



33. Juncus articulatus L. Jointed Rush. Spart. 



Fig. 1198. 



Jitncus articulatus L. Sp. PI. 327. 1753. 



Rootstock branching; stems erect or ascending, 8'-2 

 high, tufted, somewhat compressed, 2-4-leaved ; basal 

 blade-bearing leaves only i or 2, usually dying early ; 

 stem leaves with rather loose sheaths and conspicuously 

 septate blades ; inflorescence rarely exceeding 4' in 

 height, its branches spreading ; heads hemispheric to 

 top-shaped, 6-12-flowered ; perianth i"-ii" long, the 

 parts nearly equal, lanceolate, acuminate, reddish brown 

 with a green midrib or green throughout ; stamens 6, 

 one-half to three-fourths as long as the perianth ; 

 anthers shorter than the filaments ; capsule longer than 

 the perianth, brown, 3-angled, sharply acute, tapering 

 into a conspicuous tip, i-celled; seed oblong-obovoid, 

 about i" long, reticulate in about 16-20 rows, the 

 areolae finely cross-lined. 



Labrador to Massachusetts, New York, Michigan and British ColuTnbia. Also in Europe and 

 Asia. On ballast ground about Philadelphia and Camden a form occurs with obtuse perianth-parts 

 and broadly acute capsules, apparently introduced. 



