54S 



ORCHIDACEAE. 



VOL. I. 



1 1. 



I 2. 



IS- 



Lysias. 



Lysiella. 



Blephariglottis. 



Pogonia. 



Isotria. 



Triphora. 



16. Arcthusa. 



17. Liniodoriim. 



19. Ibidinni. 



20. Ophrys. 



21. Peramium. 



Lateral sepals free ; anther-sacs opening in front. 8. Limnorchis. 

 Bases of the lateral sepals adnate to the claw of the lip ; anther-sacs 



opening laterally. 9. Piperia. 



Stem scapiform ; leaves 1-2, basal ; anther-sacs divergent. 



Basal leaves 2; ovary straight. 10. 



Basal leaf i ; ovary arcuate. 

 Lip fringed or parted and cut-toothed. 



Pollinia not produced into a caudicle (except apparently in No. 25). 

 Pollinia granulose or powdery. (NEOTTIEAE.) 



Flowers comparatively large, solitary or few ; anthers incumbent on a long column. 

 Leaves not grass-like ; Tip free. 

 Flowers terminal ; lip crested. 

 Leaves alternate. 

 Stem-leaves whorled. 

 Flowers axillary ; lip not crested. 

 Leaves grass-like. 



Flower solitary ; lip adherent to the base of the column. 

 Flowers racemose ; lip free. 



Flowers numerous, in spikes or racemes; anthers erect, jointed to a short column. 

 Anther operculate ; leaves broad, alternate. 18. Serapias. 



Anther not operculate. 



Leaves green, borne on the stem. 



Leaves alternate ; spike mostly twisted. 

 Leaves 2, opposite ; spike not twisted. 

 Leaves white-reticulated, basal. 

 Pollinia smooth and waxy. (EPIDENDREAE.) 



Plants with corms or solid bulbs, rarely with coralloid roots ; leaves basal or cauline. 

 Leaves unfolding before or with the flowers. 



Leaf cauline ; lip ovate, or auricled at the base. 

 Leaf or leaves basal. 



Leaves 2 ; lip flat ; flowers racemed. 

 Leaf i ; lip saccate ; flower solitary. 

 Leaf i, basal, unfolding after the flowering time. 

 Flowers long-spurred ; lip 3-lobed. 

 Flowers not spurred ; lip 3-ridged. 



Plants with coralloid roots, bulbless ; the leaves reduced to scales. 

 Pollinia 4, in 2 pairs ; flowers gibbous or spurred. 

 Pollinia 8, united ; flowers not gibbous nor spurred. 



i. CYPRIPEDIUM L. Sp. PI. 951. 1753. 



Glandular-pubescent herbs, with leafy stems and tufted roots of thick fibres. Leaves 

 large, broad, many-nerved. Flowers solitary or several, drooping, large, showy. Sepals 

 spreading, separate, or 2 of them united under the lip. Lip a large inflated sac. Column 

 declined, bearing a sessile or stalked anther on each side and a dilated petaloid sterile stamen 

 above, which covers the summit of the style. Pollinia granular, without a caudicle or glands. 

 Stigma terminal, broad, obscurely 3-lobed. [Name Greek, Venus' sock or buskin.] 



About 20 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Besides the following, some 4 others 

 occur in western North America. Type species : Cypripedium Calceolus L. 



Sepals separate; stem leafy, i-flowered. i. C. arietinum. 



Lateral sepals more or less united. 



Sepals and petals not longer than the lip. 



Plant 6'-io' high ; lip about y/ long. 2. C. passcrinum. 



22. 



23- 

 24. 



Malaxis. 



Liparis. 

 Cytlierea. 



25. Tiptilaria. 



26. Aplcctrum. 



27. Corallorrhiza. 



28. He.valectris. 



Plant i-2 l / 2 high; lip i'-2 r long. 

 Sepals and petals equalling or longer than the lip. 

 Sterile stamen lanceolate ; lip white. 

 Sterile stamen triangular ; lip yellow. 



3. C. rcginac. 



4. C. candidum. 



5. C. parviflorum. 



i. Cypripedium arietinum R. Br. Ram's- 

 head Ladies'-slipper. Fig. 1354. 



Cypripedium arietinum R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2, 

 5 : 222. 1813. 



Stem S'-i2' high, i-flowered. Leaves 3 or 4, elliptic 

 or lanceolate, 2'-^' long, '-3' wide ; sepals separate, 

 lanceolate, 8"-io" long, longer than the lip ; petals 

 linear, greenish brown, about as long as the sepals; 

 lip 7 "-8" long, red and white, veiny, prolonged at 

 the apex into a long blunt spur, somewhat distorted 

 at the upper end which resembles a ram's head, 

 whence the specific name. 



In cold and damp woods, Quebec to Manitoba, Massa- 

 chusetts, New York and Minnesota. Ram's-head. Amer- 

 ican valerian. May-Aug. 



