74 bulletin: museum of comparative zoology. 



All of the strata below the railroad track are essentially devoid of 

 decomposition evidently because of the geologically recent lowering of 

 the bed of the river. ^Yhile the assemblage of water deposited 

 conglomerates in this section are entirely consistent with neighboring 

 glacial conditions there is no true tillite in the lower part of the section 

 and while the ridge may be an esker the evidence is not conclusive. 

 It is possible to regard the narrow belt of conglomerates as deposited 

 in the channel of an aggrading stream which in its later stages of 

 deposition laid down the cross-bedded enveloping sandstones. 



As the Orleans section by no means affords a typical exposure of the 

 tillite beds the name seems inappropriate for the glacial conglomerates 



Fig. 23 — Basal boulder in Permian shales, resting on granite, near Minas, 

 Sta. Catharina. 



and Dr. White (Woodworth, 1910, p. 779) having kindly coincided 

 in the matter the name Jaguaricatu has been substituted for this 

 horizon because of the splendid exposures of tillite along the banks of 

 this river in railway cuts in northeastern Parana.' 



In the exposed section of base of the main area at Minas no con- 

 glomerates were encountered. A few scattered granite and quartzite 

 pebbles occur in sandy beds but without striae or flattened sides or 

 crushed and snubbed ends indicative of glacial action. About 2.4 

 kms. below the railway station in a railway cut the basal Permian 

 shales may be seen resting on the Pre-Devonian graiiites. On this 

 ancient surface reposes a boulder of granite about three feet (1 meter) 

 in diameter covered by the shales. Some small grooves or channels 

 in the granite are filled with a gravelly sandstone. No traces of a 

 glaciated floor were discernible. 



It remains to characterize the glacial features of the above described 

 localities as a whole and to draw from the evidence now in hand such 

 conclusions as appear tenable. 



There can be no doubt as to the glacial origin of the massive tillite 

 beds in Parana and their likeness to the tillites of Permian age in 

 India, Australia, and South Africa. The massive aggregation in 



