woodworth: geological expedition to brazil axd chile. 15 



Fig. 2. — Monocraterion sp. 

 A worm burrow occurring in 

 Permian sandstones on the 

 banks of Lageado grande 

 near Ponta Grossa, Parand. 



tube penetrating to the bottom of the layer, some five inches in thick- 

 ness. The tubes were filled with a fine greenish shale. (Fig. 2.) 

 Similar burrows occur in Pennsylvania in the Orclovician (J. P. Lesley, 

 '89, 1, p. 417^18) but seemingly are of no diagnostic value in determin- 

 ing the age of the strata in which they occur. It is possible that the cup 

 at the orifice of the tube in Monocraterion 

 is due to the caving in of the sands prior 

 to their covering by the superincumbent 

 layer, and that thus it is not to be taken 

 as showing the form of the anterior portion 

 of the animal which made the burrow. 



From Ponta Grossa an excursion was 

 made under the guidance of Dr. Derby to 

 Curityba and thence to the coast at Pa- 

 ranagua. An excellent view of the profile 

 of the plateau and the Serra do Mar was 

 obtained and I have utilized the data in 

 what follows on the geomorphology of 

 south Brazil. From Ponta Grossa also I 

 set out for a trip via Rio Negro, over the 



trap plateau to Lages in Santa Catharina. As the itinerary of this 

 expedition includes some observations upon the general character of 

 the country not embodied in North American geographical writings, I 

 have transcribed this portion of my Journal with but slight con- 

 densation. 



A Journey from Rio Xegro to Lages and return to Porto da Unido 

 on the Iguassu. It having been decided to make a reconnaissance of 

 the section from Serrinha on the upper waters of the Iguassu to Rio 

 Negro and thence southwards to the base of the Triassic escarpment, 

 the traverse was continued southwards to Lages. The Triassic 

 formation was examined for any evidence which might have a bearing 

 on the transition period following that of Permian glaciation. Dr. 

 Euzebio Paulo de Oliveiro and mvself set out from Ponta Grossa on 

 August 13 by rail for Rio Negro, the end of the railway, making stops 

 at Tamandua, Serrinha, and Lapa. A synopsis of my notes on the 

 geology of this portion of the route is embodied in ensuing chapters 

 on the Permian deposits. See Plate 13 for map of route. 



At Rio Negro we heard of the Bugres, wild aborigines who infest 

 the trap escarpment on the south and often ambush lonely travellers 

 on the pass over the Serra do Espigao. Southwest of this high point 

 along the Serra Geral there is a remnant, so I was informed, of the 



