woodworth: geological expedition to brazil and chile. 35 



found no local indications of elevation. The results of this journey 

 are contained in my remarks on the coast of Chile, (p. 132). 



December 23th. — Being due at Santiago on Christmas day I left 

 Valdivia, journeying northward by rail through the Longitudinal Valley 

 of Chile, with a stop at San Rosendo to make a study of the Pleisto- 

 cene terrace deposits on the Rio Bio Bio. 



In ascending the valley of the Calle Calle "^'^'^^-.FXpO o^ 

 through the gorge in the Coastal Cordillera, IJc/ \^ f^ Ci'^o r'^ 



the crystalline schists were observed to \/ \^ '^ (\ '^ n 



have the same steep eastward dip as in the m. 1 ^ ^"^^C? 



Tumbres Peninsula in the latitude of Con- \\ fjO^Jo "^V 



cepcion. The rock-bench which is so pro- ^*^^'— 



nounced a feature about the shores of 

 Corral and the Valdivia River along the 



Calle Calle above Valdivia becomes suf- ^ „ „ . ^ . , 



. 1 1 TM • Fi°- 6- — Section showing how 

 fused with gravels, presumably Pleistocene. exposed surface of a cobble- 

 Pebbles of nonschistose rocks abound, stone became striated by 

 indicating the derivation of the materials g?-aveis sUding down in direc- 



° . . , . , . tion of arrow; at Penco, 



from the Tertiary and volcanic rocks within chiie. 

 the Longitudinal Valley. 



From December 25th, 1908, until January 5th, 1909, I remained in 

 Santiago in attendance on the sessions of the First Pan-American 

 Scientific Congress. I have published a brief note on the geological 

 papers read at this meeting. (Woodworth, 1909). 



Under the guidance of Dr. Phillipi, a visit was made to the Museum 

 of natural history and to the Museum of the mining society. Among 

 the collections of this Society I was shown several remarkably intricate 

 examples of stones carved by the sand-blast. These were gathered 

 on the surface of the desert of Atacama by Mr. Carlos Sundt. In some 

 cases large holes had been eaten through irregularly carved fragments 

 of rocks by this insidious process. Through the courtesy of Major 

 Montessus de Ballore I was also permitted to examine the Seismological 

 Observatory then in process of installation in the hill of Santa Lucia 

 in Santiago. This is the principal station of the seismological service 

 of Chile. From Santiago I proceeded to Valparaiso for embarkation 

 on a steamer bound for Panama. 



The Valparaiso Earthquake of August 16, 1906. While waiting in 

 Valparaiso for the sailing of the steamship Limari, a day was 

 devoted to a casual examination of the effects then visible of the 

 disastrous earthquake of August 16, 1906. As has been so often 

 observed in the downthrow of maritime cities by earthquakes, the 



