108 Bulletin 223. 



1880 and 1882), tulip-tree leaves and swollen stems of Amorpha 

 (Fernald, 1882), flower-buds of common thistle (Coquillett, 1883), 

 berries of wild grape (Bruner, 1895), grape tendrils and blossoms, 

 seed bunches of sumac, leaves of magnolia, phylloxera lice and their 

 galls (Martlatt, 1896), and moths bred from flower-heads of thor- 

 oughwort or boneset and Ambrosia trifida have been classed with the 

 grape-berry moth in collections. This is certainly quite a varied 

 menu for a grape pest. 



We have never seen the insect eat anything but grape blossoms, 

 recently-set fruit, rarely the stem of clusters, and the green and 

 ripening grapes. And a critical study of the supposed grape-berry 

 moths in several collections has led an expert, Mr. W. D. Kearfott, to 

 believe that those found feeding on most of the plants other than 

 the grape are different species. A detailed account of Mr. Kearfott 's 

 interesting conclusions with illustrations is given on page 57. The 

 case of sumac as a food-plant is especially important, as it often 

 grows freely in the vicinity of vineyards, and its destruction has been 

 recommended as a help in the warfare against the grape-berry moth. 

 Webster, however, bred many supposed grape-berry moths from 

 seed bunches of sumac collected in 1898 with no vineyards near, and 

 the seeds collected near seriously infested vineyards gave none of the 

 moths. Now Mr. Kearfott finds that these sumac moths of Webster's 

 are a distinct species from the grape feeder. 



We expect that a thorough study of the supposed grape-berry moth 

 which feed on other plants than the grape will reveal the fact that 

 the true American grape-berry moth restricts its diet almost entirely 

 to the blossom and fruit clusters of both the wild and cultivated 

 grapes. Apparently no varieties are exempt from its attacks; those 

 with tender skins and such as grow in compact bunches sometimes 

 suffer most. The infested vineyards in the Chautauqua region are 

 mostly Concords. 



The Life-History of the Insect. 



The life-history of the grape-berry moth has many interesting 

 features, and we have been able to follow it through a complete 

 yearly life-cycle during the past two years. We can now substitute 

 definite facts for previous guesses and also add several chapters to 

 its life-history. 



Hibernation. — In Europe the grape-berry moth has long been 

 recorded as hibernating in cocoons on the trunks of the vines, or on 

 the trellis posts; but since 1868 it has been the common notion in 

 this country that what was believed to be the same insect hibernated 



