104 Bulletin 223. 



yards, the grape-berry moth also has been studied with many inter- 

 esting and important results. Our observations, extending over 

 nearly two years and follo^dng a complete yearly life-cycle of the 

 insect, have revealed new facts in its life-history; we have demon- 

 strated that it is a native American insect, and not the European 

 grape-berry moth, which all have believed it to be for the past thirty- 

 five years; and through co-operative experiments with several vine- 

 yardists in the infested region, we have found practicable and effective 

 methods for controlling the insect. 



Indications of the Presence of the Grape-Berry Moth. 



Fortimately the vineyardist can easily and surely detect the 

 presence of this insect. Its "signboard" is a purplish spot on the 

 half-groMn green berries, which often crack open, as is well sho\ATi 

 in Fig. 13. Such spots mean that inside the berry the little cater- 

 pillar of the grape-berry moth is at work. No other enemy of the 

 grape in New York State has quite such a "signboard" to indicate its 

 presence. The close observer may also find the insect at work earlier 

 in the season in the clusters of blossoms or young fruits which the 

 little caterpillars web together, as shown in Fig. 19. 



Appjjarance and Habits of the Insect Briefly Described. 



The American grape-berry moth is a small purplish-brown moth 

 which measures not quite half an inch across its outspread wings. 

 The size and general appearance of the adult insect or moth, and the 

 peculiar shaded bro^vn spots on its front wings are well shown in 

 Figs. 15 and 20. So much do these little moths resemble their sur- 

 roundings when at rest, that it is difficult to find them even in a 

 small breeding cage among pieces of grape vines. And as they 

 doubtless fly mostly at night, the vineyardists will rarely see this 

 grape enemy in its moth stage. The moths are most numerous in New 

 York vineyards about June 1, the middle of July, and again in August. 



The minute, scale-like, semi-transparent eggs are stuck onto the 

 berries or their stems. Some of these glistening eggs show like 

 minute, whitish spots on the grapes in Figs. 13 and 16; an egg is 

 shown much enlarged with the unhatched caterpillar inside in Fig. 16. 

 The eggs are not difficult to find on the skin of the berries, but no one 

 seems to have seen them before this time. 



In Jime the little caterpillars which hatch from the eggs of the 

 moths feed among the blossoms or recently-set fruits of the grape 

 clusters, as shown in Figs. 17 and 19. Later in the season when the 



