136 Bulletin 224. 



root-worm beetles when they were jarred from the vines. Several 

 vineyardists bought Morehouse "beetle-catchers" and planned to 

 use them in 1904. Some did use them for a while, but soon discarded 

 them for the poison spray. A prominent vineyardist who invested 

 $45 in one of these machines gives us the following report of his 

 experience: "My experience ■with the beetle-catcher was rather 

 disappointing. The jarring of the vines took off some of the fruit, 

 and the machine did harm to the vines by tearing off some of the 

 canes and coming in forcible collision with the trunks, even when the 

 latter were straight. Though I think a lighter machine might do less 

 harm and be more successful, I shall rely hereafter wholly upon 

 spraying." 



By June 20 most of the root-worms were found to have trans- 

 formed to the tender pupa or "turtle" stage in our experimental 

 vineyard and horse-hoeing was begun at once. But we were sur- 

 prised to find that very few pupae were turned out either by the 

 horse-hoe or by hand-hoeing to the usual depth of cultivation. On 

 working deeper, however, many pupse were found. A possible ex- 

 planation may be that the unusually severe winter conditions drove 

 the grubs more deeply into the soil. Under normal conditions, we 

 still believe that much can be done to check this insect by thorough 

 cultivation during the last ten days of June, when it is in the tender 

 pupa stage. 



Notes on Practical Vineyard Spraying. 



Sooner or later, in all grape-growing sections, the time comes when 

 insect pests or fungous diseases invade the vineyards and the crop 

 is ruined unless a vigorous warfare is carried on against such enemies. 

 A good spray pump is the most useful and effective implement in this 

 warfare. For many years the famous Chautauqua vineyards were 

 practically free from fungous and insect troubles, and no spray 

 pumps wer& needed. But during the past few years such insect 

 foes as root-worms, leaf-hoppers, berry-moths and flea-beetles have 

 ravaged many of the vineyards, and now rot, mildew, and anthrac- 

 nose fungi are on the increase. The time has come when every 

 vineyardist should be prepared to spray a deadly dose into the menu 

 of these serious menaces to his business. 



^^^The fungous rots and mildews usually succumb to a thorough and 

 timely application of Bordeaux mixture, as many vineyardists can 

 testify. And this Station has demonstrated that the root-worm 

 beetles (in this Bulletin), the berry-moths (Bulletin No. 223) and 

 flea-beetles (Bulletin 157) can be controlled with a poison spray; 



