152 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



toe can be dispensed with, and a broad and solid bearing given in 

 front. The fore shoes if thej have a concave seat should have a 

 perfectly level bearing of the breadth of the cYust round the outside. 

 (See figure 8.) The hind shoes do not need seating, as the hind feet 

 have a greater concavity and less descent of the sole than the fore. 

 Both fore and hind shoes should have a tip or projection turned up 

 in front, as a rest for the toe to bear against, in the descent of the 

 foot, and an aid to the nails in keeping it on. The web or body of 

 the shoe should be of a uniform thickness all round, and •when heel 

 caulks are worn, they should be both one length, (figures 8, 17) ; 

 and when only one caulking is worn, the other heel of the shoe 

 should be thickened up to the same level, as in figure 15. 



Fig. 8. 



Figure 8 — Represents the form of shoe here referred to. It is 

 the fore foot shoe in common use generally in all parts of Britain ; 

 and is easily adapted for light or heavy work, and for having the 

 ground side plain or fullered, and with, or without toe and heel 

 caulkings. It represents the upper sides of the shoes figured 12, 

 16, and 17. By replacing the shoes figured 7 and 11, with others 

 made in this form, and confining the nails to the front part of the 

 foot, the wearers were restored to comparative soundness, from being 

 completely and uselessly lame. 



When toe caulks are required, either to give foot-hold for heavy 

 draught, or for sharpening in winter, they should extend as far 

 laterally as the breadth of the foot will admit, (figure 12,) be as 

 little prominent as may be to afford sufficient hold, be of a uniform 



