REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST. 29 1 



near the edge of the field so that mice could be harbored in the 

 grass and weeds along the sides of the fence. 



It might be well to protect the trees from deep snows in 

 winter by driving stakes along the rows and tacking on some 

 boards to hold the snow in spring from breaking down the trees. 

 The boards would want to be up from the ground so as not to 

 harbor mice. These should be removed in the spring and 

 replaced the next fall. Cultivation should be kept up for two 

 years at least and a fertilizer should be applied each year so as 

 to keep up a good growth of the trees. By the third spring the 

 trees would be large enough to graft. This should be done 

 where they stand. They should then remain two years in the 

 nursery before transplanting to the orchard site. 



TRANSPLANTING. 



The spring that the trees are grafted in the nursery is the 

 time to start the orchard site, or better break up the land the 

 fall before, after having applied a good coating of barn manure. 

 In the spring prepare the ground thoroughly for planting ; corn 

 would be better, but potatoes can be put in. By using high- 

 grade potato phosphate at the rate of one ton to the acre, the 

 land will be in good condition for the next year. The second 

 spring fertilize well and plant corn. This prepares the ground 

 for the setting of the new orchard the following spring. 



Mark off the ground by setting stakes (bean poles are good), 

 in a straight line at intervals of two rods apart along one edge, 

 one rod in from the edge as shown by the cut. Then set stakes 

 in the same way across one end, down the other side, and across 

 the remaining end. Then by sighting across each way three 

 persons can set the poles in a short time so they will all line up 

 in perfect squares. It takes two to sight across and one to set 

 the stakes. 



