STATE POMOLOGICAI, SOCIETY, 7I 



poor apples, small apples and badly colored apples, but it makes 

 it troublesome about getting about to cultivate. And we are 

 starting our new trees up a good deal higher, hoping that we 

 shall get about them more easily to cultivate, and that we shall 

 get more No. is and less No. 2s and No. 3s. There isn't any 

 money, I believe, in raising anything except No. i apples. I 

 don't believe it pays to raise cider apples or No. 2 apples. 



And then when we get our orchards started, we prune the 

 trees. As I look round, Mr. President, and see you and these 

 other gentlemen here who have been orcharding before I was 

 born, I feel a little bit like the young lawyer who argued his first 

 case in court. He began telling the court a lot of things that 

 are taught to a boy in the law school the first half hour of his first 

 day there, and he noticed the court getting a little bit restive and 

 he stopped his argument and said "Excuse me, your Honor, 

 for dwelling so long on these very elementary points but it really 

 would be such a great pity to have this case decided wrong." 

 So I feel that I am dwelling on elementary points ; but you have 

 asked a man whose knowledge is limited and you have got to 

 endure him if he dwells too long on these elementary points. 



Then we believe very greatly in pruning — pruning to shape 

 the tree, to get as much outside to the tree as possible, and 

 pruning also to promote the fruitage of the tree. We try and 

 make the tree all outside. We take out the inside of the tree 

 so as to give just as much exposure of the tree to the light and 

 sun as possible. It is the sun largely that makes the No. i 

 apples. If an apple does not have good air and good sunlight 

 it does not turn out a good color, and what we want to do is to 

 get just as much outside to the tree as possible, and have just 

 as little of the fruit inside where it doesn't get the light and air. 

 Then, so far as my experience goes, I think pruning is a great 

 incentive to fruitage. 



We had rather an interesting example of that a number of 

 years ago. There were two or three rows of trees which had 

 been set out a number of years ; they were badly handled after 

 they were set out ; within a year or two of the time they were 

 set out, before they had time to establish themselves they were 

 very heavily budded and it gave them a set-back which it took 

 them years to get over. They never had borne very heavily. They 

 were fairly good sized trees for their age — rather small for their 



