STATE INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE. 33 



if they have not been developed and strengthened by means of the 

 studies pursued, if his faculties have not been trained and disci- 

 plined, his college course is a failure. 



The old colleges educated young men, and educated them well. 

 All honor to them and to their work. I would not detract one 

 iota from their merit. Their failing is not that they did their 

 work badly, but that — necessarily — in the use of their methods, 

 they could only do it for so few. It was formerly thought that 

 only the men destined for the so called liberal professions needed 

 a liberal education, but we find that all men need it. It was for- 

 merly thought that the pursuit of agriculture required less- study 

 than any other, and that a boy fit for nothing else would make a 

 good enough farmer ; but we have since begun to open our eyes 

 to the fact that he is all the while called upon to deal with prob- 

 lems which require, and will demand the largest amount of scien- 

 tific acquisition and ability, and the noblest efforts of the human 

 intellect. It is a long stride toward the accomplishment of " the 

 liberal and practical education of the industrial classes," to 

 recognize and to feel the need of it; and this we have, at least, 

 begun to do. 



The practical question now is, by what method, by means of 

 what studies shall education be sought ? The old colleges adopted 

 the method of devoting four years to the studies mainly prepara- 

 tory to the study of what was to be the calling or occupation or 

 profession in life. After the collegiate course was finished the 

 student begun his professional studies. The study of Latin and 

 Greek, mathematics, rhetoric and philosophy was mainly for the 

 purpose of laying broad and liberal and deep foundations for sub- 

 sequent study — consequently, the time and cost involved in such 

 a preparation for the business of life was so great as to prevent 

 great numbers from enjoying its benefits who would have gladly 

 entered upon it if they could. 



Now what does the new method propose to do ? Wherein do 

 the Industrial Golleges differ from the Classical Colleges ? Chiefly 

 in this ; that while they attempt to bestow a liberal culture and 

 a thorough training, discipline and development of the man's 

 natural powers, they propose to do it by more direct methods, by 

 the pursuit of studies which shall be, so far as possible, exactly 

 in the direction of his future pursuits. The effect of this is greatly 

 to reduce the expenditures of time and money ; and if we can 

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