G8 YORK SOCIETY. 



soda, phosphate of lime, and other salts, which can be separated 

 by chemical processes. 



If the oil of milk — that is tlie l)attcr — be perfectly separated 

 from all other substances, it does not easily decay or under^-o 

 change. Indeed 'perfectly -pure butter can be kept for a series 

 of years entirely unchanged, and this too, without the addition 

 of salt or other antiseptic. In this respect it is like pure tal- 

 low, lard, olive oil, &c. The casein or curd, on the contrary, 

 contains an element (nitrogen) not found in oil or butter, and 

 it decays very rapidly, unless preserved by the addition of salt 

 or other means. Separate it from the soda in the milk by 

 washing it with water, and if exposed at common temperature 

 it commences decomposition immediately. 



This distinction between oil and casein (butter and curd) is 

 an important one, and upon a proper understanding of this 

 dep-ends success in butter-making and butter-keeping. The 

 secret of making good butter lies in so raising the cream, so 

 churning, and so working, as to free it from the casein; the 

 secret of preserving butter lies in counteracting the effects of 

 any particles of casein remaining in the butter after it is made. 



The butter or milk-oil is contained in very small sacks or 

 bags which float in the water holding the casein and sugar in 

 solution. Cream consists essentially of these oil sacks with 

 some of the casein adhering, from which it is impossible to sep- 

 arate it before churning, and not wholly, afterwards." 



Statements and scraps gathered from Statements. 



Live Stock. 



Statement of John Hanscom, Saco. " This cow is eight years 

 old; suppose the breed to l)e a mixture of native and Devon- 

 shire. She is remarkably kind and docile in every respect. 

 She weighed, at the time of her calving in May last, twelve hun- 

 dred pounds ; fleshes up very quick when not giving milk. I 

 purchased the cow of Mr. William Hussey of North Berwick; 

 got her home the last day of May this year. She is now much 

 thinner in flesh than at that time. Her pasture this summer 



