LINCOLN SOCIETY. 113 



't'he little borers Mlled off before they arc large enough to do 

 mischief; tlie tops kept open by reasonable pruning, for the 

 free admission of light and air. When it has become necessary 

 to remove a large branch, means have been first used to direct 

 the sap from such branches to other parts of the tree, and then 

 \t has been taken off in the month of June or July, the part 

 removed having but little foliage at the time. He uses stable 

 manure composted with muck, in sufficient quantities to keep 

 the trees in a thriving condition, as the principal dressing. 



Thomas Simmons presented twelve varieties of apples grown 

 on trees from fifteen to twenty-five years old ; grafted in the 

 tops of seedling stocks. The soil on which they grew is a deep, 

 rocky loam. He scrapes his trees, and washes them with 

 strong soap suds or lye, removes all decayed limbs, and covers 

 the wounds with wax. He manures with a compost made of 

 barn-yard manure, swamp muck, ashes, lime and bones, and ap- 

 plies from one to two bushels to a tree. 



Crops. 



Thomas Simmons entered for premium on a field of barley. 

 The soil was partly sandy and partly a clayey loam. When 

 dried under the action of the sun, it is light and friable, and is 

 of a dark yellow color, underlaid with a hard, gravelly subsoil. 

 The stones on it are mostly granite, of which there are a plenty. 

 The year before it was planted to corn and manured in the hill, 

 and produced ninety bushels to the acre. Plowed about ten 

 inches deep, cross plowed and harrowed, and applied no 

 manure the present year. Sowed the first of May with two 

 rowed barley, broadcast. The seed was soaked and rolled in 

 lime. Harvested the first of August. Produce, twenty-sis 

 bushels, weighing fifty pounds to the bushel. 



Lewis Vaughan planted half an acre of corn on a sandy loam, 

 which is about fifteen inches deep, dark in color, and light aifd 

 friable. The stones arc of various kinds. It has been in grass 

 for a number of years, and was plowed about ten inches deep, 

 in the fall. In the spring before harrowing he applied ten 

 loads of green manure,- also ten loads of old manure in the 

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