410 STATE POxMOlOGICAL SOCIETY. 



In certain parts of New York and New England the species has 

 acqnired the habit of feeding upon the cultivated apple. But, what 

 is very remarkable, it does not appear to have done so in other parts 

 of the country. Thus, although Mr. Walsh bred this insect from 

 haws in Illinois twenty years ago, I can find no record of its infest- 

 ing apples in that State yet. And in Washington it infests haws 

 growing near an orchard in which it has not been observed. 



In those localities in which this insect has spread to the cultivated 

 apples and become common it is even a more serious pest than the 

 Codlin-moth, except that it seems to be more fastidious in its choice 

 of food than that insect. Thus, although I have observed it for 

 several seasons in one of the orchards of Cornell University, I have 

 found it only in a few varieties of fruit. This may account for the 

 slowness of the spreading of the species from haws and crab-apples 

 to the cultivated apple, and may afford a means of i-educing to a 

 minimum the injuries of this pest. 



In certain parts of New Hampshire the Apple Maggot is known 

 as the ' Railroad Worm.' The extent of the ravages of this insect 

 in certain parts of that State is indicated bj' the following extract 

 from a letter which I have received from Mr. N. W. Hardy, of the 

 town of Nelson : 



In regard to the Railroad Worm, I never saw one in this town. In the last six 

 years they have worked in the adjoining towns of Hancock and Dublin. They are 

 confined to early apples as soon as they ripen. 



I saw a man the other day that s&id that this insect had ruined his apples so that 

 he would have to graft them into winter apples. 



Many of the early varieties of apples in Hancock and Dublin were rendered entirely 

 worthless. We have more to fear from this insect than any other that preys upon 

 the apple. 



Mr. Isaac Hicks, of Long Island, who was one of the first to 

 observe this insect in apples, nian\' years ago, does not consider it 

 so serious a pest as does the correspondent just quoted. The fol- 

 lowing extract from a letter recently received from him is interesting 

 as bearing on this point, and as suggesting remedial measures : 



Thine of 17th received; and, in reply, will give thee what little I know of the 

 Apple Maggot. Trypeta pomonrlla. Its ravages bear no comparison to the injury done 

 by the Codlin-moth to fruit. Last year being the non-bearing season, we saw very 

 few apples, if any, infested with it. It is difforent from the Codlin-moth, which can 

 place its egg in the very young fruit, go through its transformations, and lay its eggs 

 in winter apples. We soldom see the Trypeta until about the Ist of September, and 

 never in green fruit. Only in the ripest apples and in sweet or mellow subacid fruit 

 are they found by us. I think they cannot exist to much extent if pigs or sheep run 



