STATE POMOLOaiCAL SOCIETY. 55 



* "The principles upon which Landscape Gardening is founded 

 are intended to produce unity of design with harmony in execu- 

 tion and also picturesque beauty, and where these are not com- 

 bined the grand object in view is not attained. 



It is necessary to consider the location of the house, with all 

 its surroundings, the size of the place, also the views to be ob- 

 tained from it, whether they are distant or circumscribed, of wood 

 or water, tame or romantic, of mountain or meadow, of sea or land. 



An estate commanding such views requires very different treat- 

 ment in the arrangement, from one where the house is embedded 

 in a forest with only space enough to get a small lawn, and conse- 

 quently without distant views. In forming the component parts 

 of a good landscape, much also depends upon the character of the 

 scenery in view, for if the sea can be seen on the one side, and a 

 mountain on the other, the planting would require to be bolder 

 and more decided than if the only views to be obtained were a 

 meadow with its flocks and herds. * * * 



The first thing that requires attention is to have the ground 

 properly drained and subsoiled, and afterwards graded and en- 

 riched ; also to have the places marked off for groups of trees 

 which it is intended to plant. You will then be ready to sow the 

 grass seed, and must be sure to procure the best mixture to pro- 

 duce a good lawn. ***** 



It is difficult to give a design for any supposed place, as almost 

 every one differs somewhat from its next neighbor; but assuming 

 the ground to be nearly level, or slightly undulating, with a public 

 road in front, and rather a sloping to the road than otherwise, 

 placing the house about two-thirds of the depth of the property 

 towards the back, will give a good opportunity to have the neces- 

 sary buildings, such as the stables, carriage house, ice house, etc., 

 behind the mansion where they can be shut out of view, if desired, 

 by irregular groups of planting, which could lap over each other 

 and tljus secure privacy. This arrangement would afford space 

 for a fine lawn in front, with small, irregular clumps of trees and 

 flowering shrubs near the road, making the lawn look as large as 

 possible and giving views of pleasant objects beyond. 



The house being located as before stated, and say, about one- 

 fourth of the width of the lot from either side, with an easy, 

 curved avenue from the road, such an arrangement would give a 

 good opportunity to get a small kitchen garden and orchard at the 



* Transactions Mass. Hort. Society, 1875; Part 2d, p. 25. 



