256 Third Annual Report of the ' 



Mr. M. T. Morgan, cheese expert, West Winfleld, N. Y., reports 

 as follows: 



During the months of October and November, 1894, I was in- 

 specting factories and making a few inspections with the Bab- 

 cock test, but moist of my time was spent in giving instruction in 

 cheese making and the different tests used by us. During Decem- 

 ber, 1894, and January, February and March, 1895, I attended 

 factory meetings and made milk inspections at creameries, milk 

 stations and private dairies. The cheese season opens here in 

 March, and since then my time has been fully taken up by giving 

 instruction to cheese makers as to the best methods of manufac- 

 turing, to meet the demands of the trade. I found cheese makers 

 having trouble in developing lactic acid in their curd, and the same 

 rule as heretofore used could not be followed this season; we could 

 not pack as solidly as formerly because the cheese would ripen too 

 soon, giving a meshy texture; this was overcome by giving the 

 opposite curds more air and a longer time to develop. The prime 

 reaso'n for this special difficulty is, that the milk when delivered^ 

 lacked proper care at the farm; all milk should be aerated in pure 

 air thereby ridding it of the putrefactive element so fatal to the 

 manufacture of a fine article. Another difficulty was in the use 

 of a poor starter; in many instances T found them using a starter 

 taken from the milk in the vat; this is a dangerous method and 

 should not be followed; cheese makers should always remember, 

 that unless the acid in their milk is in excess of the putrefactive 

 element they will find trouble in getting a solid, fine flavored 

 cheese. Greater care by the producer and manufacturer will 

 overcome this difficulty. 



In closing I desire to give the experts, agents, chemists and 

 counsel in this division their full share of credit for the favorable 

 conditions I am able to report, for they have at all times been 

 ready to respond promptly to the calls made, thereby making it 

 possible to so fully carry out the provisions of our law. 



Respectfully yours, 



J. H. BROWN, 



Assistant Commissioner. 



