THE AMERICAN BOTANlSTv 85 



Arnehia cornuta, to mention only one more of the many 

 examples which occur in this family, bears at first five 

 purple spots which in a few days fade away leavmg it a 

 bright yellow. 



It is not possible to attribute all changes in the color- 

 ation of individual flowers to the same causes, for in many 

 instances special conditions must be taken into considera- 

 tion. But in a general way it may be stated that they 

 preserve transition stages in the evolution of floral colors. 

 When the transition is from green, white or yellow to red 

 and then to blue the course of development is upward ; 

 while a change from blue or red to white oryellow maybe 

 ascribed to reversion. 



Waldoboro, Maine. 



THE BEAR BLACKBERRY. 



BY W. H. BLANCHARD. 

 'PHIS blackberry was described and named in 1891 by 

 -L Dr. N. L. Britton as Rubus Millspaughi in Torrey 

 Bulletin 18: 366 from specimens found by Dr. C. F. Mills- 

 paugh on Point Mountain, Randolph County, West Vir- 

 ginia. I have lately learned some interesting things about 

 it from Dr. Millspaugh, himself, now of the Field Colum- 

 bian Museum, Chicago. 



The mountaineers call it the "October blackberry" as 

 it ripens its fruit late in October, long after all other black- 

 berries in that region have ceased to bear fruit. They also 

 call it the "thornless blackberr^^" and it is absolutely un- 

 armed. But they claim that it is upon the fruit of this 

 blackberry that the bears grow fat for their winter hiber- 

 nation, and so they call it the "bear blackberry." The 

 fruit is long, slender, juicy and "heavy-seeded." 



The flowering season is from July till into September. 

 The plant is perfectly glabrous and the wand-like canes 

 are from twelve to fifteen feet long. One can go among 

 them unscathed. Atypical leaf on a new cane is 16 inches 

 long, five foliate. The petiole is 6V2 inches ; middle leaflet 

 7 by 3 inches ; petiolules 2V2 inches ; side leaflets QV2 by 



