THE AGRICULTURAL NEWS. 



Tick Suppression 



OR 



Tick Eradication? 



How often should Cattle be Sprayed ? 



HALF MEASURES. There are innumerable Cattle owners who think that the object of clipping or spraying is tieep ticks from getting on to 

 the cattle : this ^vrong impression K held ahnost always by those men who do not set before themselves as their goal the abjjute eradication of ticks from 

 iheir property, but are content simply to keep the immber of ticks within bounds. These men aim merely at tick " supression," and are apparently 

 content to regard ticks as a trouble that will always be with them : they look forward with equanimity to the prospect of ha«g always to keep on spraying 

 their cattle from time to time, and do not even realise that it is perfectly possible, by spraying or dipping regularly and thonghly, to completely eradicate 

 ticks from a properly within a period of two or three years. 



ERADICATION SHOULD BE THE AIM. It should, therefore, be most strongly emphasised that the determiiion which should be behind 

 cattle dipping, or spraying operations, is not merely to "suppress" ticks, but to completely eradicate them. 



So far from it being desired to keep licks oil cattle, the whole idea is to use the cattle to collect the ticks from the inf^ pastures, and then to kill all 

 the ticks on the cattle by spraying or dipping them in a tick-destroying fluid. In this way the ticks are being continually 

 the pasture eventually becomes absolutely free from ticks. 



1 



opped up " by the cattle, and 



THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PROPER INTERVAL. But it will be clear that, if this desirable result is 

 be treated sufficiently often to prevent any ticks which get on after one dipping from falling off again before the Cattle ardga 

 bet\veen treatments is too long, many female licks will fall off without ever having been dipped or sprayed. Each of t 

 thousand eggs, which means that the pasture Is being continually re-infested with young ticks. The importance of not allowing < 

 will be realised if it is borne in mind that the progeny of one single female tick may, within a period of seven months, come to ni 



be obtained, the cattle must 

 in clipped. If the interval 

 se female ticks will lay several 

 ■ female tick to escape spraj'ing 

 ber 6,750.000.000 individuals. 



INTERVAL DEPENDS ON LIFE HISTORY. In considermg what is the proper interval between spraying! • dippings, the deciding factor 

 must be the period which a tick spends on an animal from the time it iirst gets on, as a seed tick, until the time it falls off a fully-engorged female, ready 

 to lay eggs. 



It has been proved beyond all doubt that the ordinary Cattle Tick requires at least three weeks to complete that pion of its life-cycle which it 

 spends on cji animal. It follows, therefore, that one dipping or spraying every 21 days, is quite sufficient to catch andestroy all ticks which have got 

 on to the animal since the previous dipping. If the operation is performed every fortnight, so much the better, as licks will I eradicated more quickly. 



AN OFFICIAL RECOMMENDATION. The following procedure is recommended by the Jamaica Departi|il of Agriculture, when first 

 commencing tick-eradication measures ; — I 



Spray once, handpicking engorged female licks on the point of dropping. Spray again 10 days later. If licks still aiiar. spray again 10 days laler. 

 If no ticks are found, spray 3 weeks later. Spray every 3 weeks throughout the year, whether any ticks areeen or not. 



The next year the three-weekly spraying should be persisted in. The following year the property should be free tm licks, if this procedure is 

 observed a:id the spraying Is always very thoroughly carried out. I 



HOW LONG TO CONTINUE SPRAYING. If ticks apparently disappear from the Cattle after they have beet ider treatment for some time. 



cattle are re.iliy free of licks. 

 adication has not really been 



the dipping or spia\ing should not be discontinued until It has been determined by a number of careful hand inspections that : 



If ticks continue on cattle until cold weather and then finally disappear, it should be borne In mind that In all probability 



accomplished, as there may be engorged females, unhatched eggs, and inactive seed ticks on the farm ; consequently, even if the jtle should remain free of ticks 



during the winter, they may become re-infested the following spring. In any case in which ticks disappear from the cattlaid treatment Is discontinued, 



the cattle should be watched with the greatest care for ticks until ample lime has elapsed to leave no doubt that the property free of licks. 



HOW TO KEEP A PROPERTY CLEAN. After a property has been freed of licks, precautions should be ierved to prevent ticks from 

 being reintroduced. In case It becomes necessary to bring cattle from a licky properly, they should be completelvreed of ticks before being 

 brought on the place; or. If this is not possible, a quarantine lot, or pen, should be set aside to be used exclusively for licky cae. where such cattle may be 

 kept and entirely freed of ticks before being placed with other cattle. Snch cattle may be freed of ticks by dipping them twicft an interval of 10 days in an 

 •rsenical dip. After the second dipping, the cattle should not be placed rn the quarantine pen, which may be "ticky," but placan a tick-free lot, where they 

 mn be observed for a time, to make absolutely certain that they carr- •o ticks, after which they may be placed with the othelittle. 



COOPER'S CATTLE TICK DIP 

 Mm t*etiMd tku official approval of tho foUouitm Cammtrlmi 

 Mm at SMth Alrici, Nortbern Rhodecit, Braiil, Bua4*UaA 



NyiMlMd, SwadlMd, Seatkern Rbo4etl«, M«4aca«Mr, 



Britlih East Africa, Q.-raai East Africa, PortagaeM Bast Africa, 



PartHfueie West Africa, Etypt, Areentlae RepabHc, Qa«Mttul. 



United Statei of Aaierlca, New Soudi Wales, 



Nortbera Territory of AustraMa. 



Manufacturers : WILLIAM COOPER & 



BRANCHES: TerraU, Ckicagc. Sjiatj, UelkMrae, 



WEST INDIAN ACNTS ; 



«T>BITr*l 5. L. Horslord & Co. ANTIQK : Bennett, Br ""> * C«- 



JAMAICA; D. Hender.son & i. Xingston. 



GRENADA: Thom.ion. Uaiy & Co. 



BARBADOS: Barbados Co-operatMCntton Co., Ltd. 



BAHAMAS: W. N. Twyn.nllNas.iaa. 



TRIMDAO: T. Qeddes Uraat. Lrt nr .Spain. 



BRITISH aUIANA: Aividtiacb.UrkeT & Cn. 



ST. VINCENT: Corea & Co., Klnsstown. SEVIS: ."*. I). Illalane. 



DANISH WEST INDIES: A. -ScliiM elow. St. Croli. 



MONTSERRAT: W. Uewellyn Wall. UOMIf A: Hoa. H. A. Pramtiloa. 



5T. LUCIA: Barnard Sons A 4, Castries. ^ 



NEPHEWS, BerkhamsW, England. 



BuiM Aires, Moate Video, Puala Arenas, £a|.oadoD, Odessa 



