324 



agriculture: of MAINE. 



Scale insects and plant lice. 



1. Scale about i-io inch long on twigs; shaped like oyster- 



shell, (fig. 3). Oyster-shell scale. Page 329. 



2. A snail rounded scale, (fig.. 4). 



San Jose scale. Page 330. 



3. Plant lice with white downy secretion ; cause wart-like swell- 



ings on roots, and also are found on the twigs, (figs. 

 34-35)- Wooly aphis. Page 332. 



a. BORERS IN THE WOOD. 



I. Round-Headed Apple-Tree Borer. 



{Saperda Candida Fab.) 



Fig. i; a,' larva; b, pupa; c, adult. (After Riley). 



The first intimation that the grower may have of the presence 

 of this borer in his trees, unless he be forewarned, is in their 

 retarded growth and the sawdust-like castings, consisting of 

 excrementitious matter and gnawings of woody fiber, which the 

 larvse extrude from the openings into their burrows. This man- 

 ifestation is usually accompanied by more or less evident dis- 

 coloration of the bark and, in early spring particularly, by slight 

 exudation of sap. 



The parent of this borer is a beautiful beetle, measuring from 

 three-fourths to nearly an inch in length, the male being per- 

 ceptibly narrower than the female. The legs are gray, the 

 imder surface of the body and the head are silvery white, and 

 the upper surface is light yellowish brown with two longitudinal 

 white stripes extending through the thorax and elytra or wing- 

 covers to the tip, as is shown in the accompanying figure i, c. 



The larva, when mature, measures from three-fourths to a 



