4IO AGRICUI^TURE OF MAINE. 



are borne in culture this fungus has been classified as a species 

 of Verticillium. It is possible that this fungus, which is capable 

 of causing a distinct decay, may be responsible for a part of the 

 rot which is attributed to other fungi for when apples were in- 

 oculated with it, the fungus did not break out on the surface and 

 produce spores. 



Bndomyccs decay. In Bulletin 178 of this Station a new spe- 

 cies of Bndomyces is described which was found to cause a de- 

 cay of ripe apples but which did not attack green fruit. This 

 fungus is of interest not so much on account of its economic im- 

 portance, but because it represents a genus new to America. 



Rhisopus decay. A soft rot of over-ripe. apples is sometimes 

 caused by black mold. This rot may be recognized by the fact 

 that the mycelium which grows out over the surface of the af- 

 fected apple is composed of thicker threads than are found in 

 other apple decay fungi. If apples attacked by the black molds 

 are kept in a warm, moist place the mycelium forms a thick 

 growth on the surface. The spores are borne in little capsules 

 on the ends of long stalks. When the spores are mature the 

 whole mass becomes black in color. 



The black molds are regarded as saprophytes as they are able 

 to attack only ripe apples. They may cause considerable loss, 

 however. To prevent this loss it is necessary to use the same 

 precautions that are taken in the case of blue mold. 



Other apple rots. In the course of the study of apple dis- 

 eases, fruit has been inoculated with a number of other fungi 

 isolated from wood, leaves, or fruit of the apple in order to de- 

 termine whether these fungi are capable of causing decay. 

 Corynciim foUicolum Fckl., and a species of Cytospora from 

 3iseased wood, produced a small amount of decay; Coniothyrium 

 pirina (Sacc.) Sheldon, Phyllosticta limitata Pk., Cladosporiiini 

 licrbanim (Pers.) Link, and 3 undetermined species of 

 Aspergillus, showed a little growth at the points of inoculation 

 but did not spread to cause decay. One fungus which has been 

 determined as Dematium pullulans DeBary has been found con- 

 stantly associated with diseased apple tissues not only of the 

 fruit but also of the leaves and wood. On account of the con- 

 stant association of this fungus with apple rots, it was tested 

 by means of inoculations but it did not cause decay. It may be 

 possible, however, that when associated with other fungi the de- 

 cay is hastened by its presence. 



