424 agricuivture of maine. 



Gathering Windfalls. 



As both the larva of the curculio and of the maggot are found 

 in the small apples and later leave these to pupate in the earth, 

 it is highly important to rake up frequently all windfalls and 

 destroy them. This means not only the larger apples but even 

 those which are no larger than a pea. Where sheep or hogs 

 are pastured in an orchard the trouble of gathering windfalls 

 by hand is avoided. 



Materials Used in Fighting Apple Enemies. 



CAUTION : The following formulas are for use on the 

 apple. In many cases they are not adapted for more tender 

 plants. Keep all poisons carefully labelled and out of the reach 

 of children and animals. 



bordeaux mixture, formula I. 



Copper sulphate (blue vitriol) 3 pounds 



Fresh stone or lump lime 3 " 



Water 50 gallons 



It will be noted that the bordeaux mixture here recommended 

 is only three-fifths as strong as that commonly used on potatoes 

 in this State and formerly recommended by this and other Sta- 

 tions for use upon the apple. This is because later work has 

 shown that the weaker bordeaux controls the apple scab nearly 

 as well and is much less likely to injure the fruit and foliage 

 than the stronger. The 5-5-50 formula should still be used 

 upon potatoes, and upon apple trees before the buds open. 



]\Ietal vessels should not be used in the preparation of bor- 

 deaux mixture. Empty kerosene barrels with one head re- 

 moved (50 gal. capacity) are more commonly used, but larger 

 wooden tanks are frequently employed. For convenience these 

 should hold multiples of 50 gallons, or have the capacity in 25 

 or 50 gallon units indicated by tacking a short, thin strip of 

 Avood at the required height on the inside of the tank. 



Slake the lime and dissolve the copper sulphate in separate 

 barrels and then dilute each with half of the water. It is neces- 



