422 AGRICULTURE OF MAINE- 



considered in Maine orchard spraying for fungous diseases, and 

 in the experience of the writers bordeaux is, as a rule, more ef- 

 fective than Hme-sulphur in controlling this disease under the 

 weather conditions which prevail in this State. There is no 

 reason for discarding bordeaux for lime-sulphur except to at- 

 tempt to avoid spray injury on those varieties of apples upon 

 which it is likely to occur. Even with these it is recommended 

 that bordeaux mixture still be used for the first spraying before 

 the buds open, followed by lime-sulphur for the later sprayings 

 upon the foliage and fruit. If. however, the orchard has re- 

 ceived a spring application of the more concentrated lime-sul- 

 phur wash for insects before the buds begin to swell, the early 

 application of the bordeaux is probably unnecessary. 



THE PREPARATION OF SPRAYS. 



There is no part of the management of an orchard which 

 requires more intelligent and careful work than the preparation 

 and use of sprays. If the owner cannot attend to this part of 

 the work himself he should put it in charge of some thoroughly 

 competent person. Many failures from spraying have resulted 

 from the fact that the sprays were not properly made and ap- 

 plied. The formulae given should be followed with care, the 

 operator first satisfying himself that he understands each step 

 of the process before attempting to prepare a quantity of spray- 

 ing material. All material should be carefully weighed and 

 measured. 



SUMMARY OF TREATMENT. 



The treatment of apple trees at various times during the sea- 

 .son and the purpose of the same may be briefly stated as fol- 

 lows : 



A. Lime-Sulphur (Formula 4 dilute for winter strength, 

 page 432), before buds begin to swell. For oyster shell bark 

 louse or San Jose scale. (For apple scab alone use Formula 

 I, or 4 diluted as above.) 



B. Tanglefoot, smear on bands of tarred paper about the 

 trees early in spring. For canker worm. 



C. Use combination Formula 16 ( Lime-sulphur diluted to 

 summer strength and lead arsenate) or combination Formula 

 15, or 13 (Bordeaux and Paris green), or 14 (Bordeaux and 



