400 AGRICULTURE OF MAINE. 



conspicuous at harvest time. They are of a bright carmine, the 

 older and larger having a darker, brownish center, with seldom 

 any pitting even after some time in storage. The disease is of 

 almost universal occurrence in Maine on this variety — so much 

 so that some apple growers have come to regard the Cylindro- 

 sponnm spots as a natural marking of the variety and frequent- 

 ly exhibit such apples for prizes at fairs and pomological 

 meetings.* 



The superficial appearance of apples of the Bellflower variety 

 which are affected with the Cylindrosporiiim disease is quite dis- 

 tinct from that produced by the true Baldwin spot on other va- 

 rieties as will be seen on comparison of Figs. 6i and 62. 



Brooks has made a careful study of the control of the Cylin- 

 drosporiiim fruit spot in New Hampshire. He found that in- 

 fection of the apples takes place in July and that the spots make 

 their appearance in August. He found that either bordeaux 

 mixture or lime-sulphur gave good results in the control of the 

 spot if applied at the same time or a little later than for the con- 

 trol of apple scab. 



This disease is of common occiu'rence in Maine and it does 

 considerable damage by injuring the appearance of fruit. Fruit 

 growers should become familiar with the disease and make ef- 

 forts to prevent the loss which it causes by reducing the price 

 which they receive for their apples. 



Sooty blotch and Fly-speck of the fruit. These diseases take 

 their names from the appearance which the growth of the fungus 

 gives to the fruit. Both are now regarded by certain writers! 

 as caused by the same fungus, Leptothyrinm pomi (Mont. & 

 Fr.) Sacc. The fungus does not penetrate into the apple. In 

 the case of sooty blotch, the mycelium spreads over the surface 

 covering areas which vary in size and sometimes practically the 

 whole apple is covered in bad attacks. Fig. 68 is a photograph 

 of an apple affected with sooty blotch. Fly speck is character- 

 ized by the development of black shining bodies composed of 

 fungous threads closely woven together, which occur in patches 

 on the surface of the apple. 



'■'Following the methods by which the fungus was originally isolated, 

 i. e., by transferring pieces of the browned tissue to tubes of sterile, 

 distilled water, it has been obtained from these spots a sufficient number 

 of times to show its constant association with them. 



t Duggar, B. M. Fungus Diseases of Plants, p. 367. 1909. 



