78 agriculture; of mains. 



the orchard plan. 



There are many ways in which to plant trees. The general 

 plan is to plant in squares 30x30 feet. Some are planted 25x25 

 and both of these distances are too close for most varieties. 

 At Orchard Farm we plant standard permanent trees 40x40 

 feet, such as the Baldwin, Rhode Island Greening, Northern 

 Spy, and Mcintosh, and interplant with early-bearing kinds 

 as Yellow Transparent, Duchess, Wealthy, and Wagener at 20 

 feet each way. This gives no trees to the acre. 



It is expected to take out the interplanted or filler trees in 

 about twelve years, as the conditions may demand and the per- 

 manent trees may require the entire space. 



In planting, two-year-old trees are used, and they are headed 

 down to within twenty-six to thirty inches of the ground, and 

 the tops of the trees are well cut out in pruning. By pruning 

 on the under side of the lower branches an upward tendency 

 will be given to the growth. The base of these branches will 

 be strong and for years cultivation can as readily be done as 

 with trees headed up five or six feet. For this class of trees 

 we need different tillage implements. These may run under 

 low trees on extension beams, while the team may keep away 

 from the trees. 



We do not need to cultivate the soil deep about trees; light 

 surface tillage is better. 



PLANTING PLAN. 



0x0x0x0x0x0 



xxxxxxxxxxx 



0x0x0x0x0x0 



xxxxxxxxxxx 



0x0x0x0x0x0 



In this plan the represents the permanent tree 40x40 feet, 



and the x the interplanted or filler trees. This will give no 



trees to the acre. 



While this plan of planting orchards is yet largely experi- 

 mental, we are getting some satisfactory results with trees 

 planted six years on this plan. During the present season we 

 have harvested Wealthy apples and other varieties that after 

 paying for picking, packing, barrels, freight and commission 

 have given a fair net profit per acre. This for six-year-old 



