354 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



greater proportion of the heavy metal at the bottom. You labor 

 under a common mistake. Milk is not lighter than water ; it is 

 heavier. 



Question. Would it be well for farmers who make butter to cool 

 their milk as soon as they get it, in order to get better cream ? 



Mr. Gold, If it is stirred during this process the cream will not 

 rise. 



Question. But if it is not stirred ? 



Mr. Gold. I think the quality of the butter would be very much 

 improved in hot weather, but I doubt whether the quantity would 

 be increased by it. 



Question. Do you think it makes any difference in regard to 

 cream rising, whether the milk is deep or shallow in the dish ? 



Mr; Gold. I made some experiments upon that subject, and 

 thought that the shallow system was the best ; but some others 

 have made expeiiments, and they claim that it does not make any 

 difference. It is one of those points that is not yet settled, any 

 more than the matter of stirring milk, 



Mr. Norton. I have experimented somewhat, and find that I 

 get better cream from a deep dish. Less surface is exposed to the 

 air, and the cream is sweeter and the butter better. 



Question. How much cash do you receive per cow, in the price 

 you get for your milk ? 



Mr. Gold. I do not want to speak of my own dairy, for I have 

 not been so successful as some ; but I can tell what some have re- 

 ceived. One gentleman, who had nine cows, I believe, made out 

 a clear gross receipt of over $150 per cow. That was an extreme 

 case. We consider that we are not doing reasonably well unless 

 we get $100 per cow. 



Question. He kept his cows well, I presume ? 



Mr. Gold. Yes sir. 



Question. Were there many Jerseys among them ? 



Mr. Gold. Those were native cows that this man had. 



Question. What kind of meal is best for cows ? 



Mr. Gold. If you want quantity of milk, buckwheat and wheat 

 bran ; if you want quality, you must add Indian meal and cotton 

 seed to those other things. The buckwheat and wheat bran sys- 

 tem will make milk that, when there is abundance, the New 

 York milkmen will reject. ^V^hen milk is scarce as it is now, they 

 will take almost anything in the shape of milk ; but when it is 

 abundant, they very soon cut off all those dairies that feed slops 



