206 ANNALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



The following programme was then offered : 



E. 0. Hovey, The Copper Queen Mine, Bisbee, Arizona. 



James G. Manchester, New Discovery of Gem Stones on Manhat- 

 tan Island. 

 J. F. Kemp, The Saratoga Mineral Springs. 



A. W. Grabau, Some Siluric Coral Reefs of Europe. 



Summary of Papers. 



Dr. Hovey exhibited a sketch model of the famous Copper Queen 

 mine and explained the lines on which the complicated geological features 

 of the locality were to be graphically represented. Remarks were made 

 by Professor Kemp and Dr. Berkey. 



Mr. Manchester described several localities and showed gem material 

 from a few of them. Topaz and beryl were especially well developed in 

 these specimens. Remarks were made by Professor Kemp. 



Professor Kemp gave a general explanation of the geology of these 

 springs, with suggestions of the origin of the gases and salts carried by 

 them. 



Dr. Grabau 's paper was given with lantern illustrations, and compari- 

 sons were made with certain similar structures in America. 



The Section then adjourned. 



Charles P. Berkey, 



Secretary. 



SECTION OF BIOLOGY. 



8 May, 1911. 



Section met at 8:15 p. m.. Vice-President Frederic A. Lucas presiding. 

 The minutes of the last meeting of the Section were read and approved. 

 The following programme was then offered: 



C.-E. A. Winslow, Bacteria and Decomposition in Relation to the 



Pure Food Law. 

 L. Hussakof, The Spoonbill Fishery of the Lower Mississippi. 



Summary of Papers. 



Professor Winslow discussed certain problems, which have recently 

 arisen in connection with the application of the pure food laws, concern- 

 ing the relation between bacterial multiplication and decomposition. 

 Decomposition, in the ordinary sense of the term, is due to the action of 



