22 THE AMERICAN BOTANIST 



rich collection to Samuel Parsons at Flushing, Long Island, for 

 propagation and distribution. But previous to this, Francis 

 Parkman of Jamaica Plain, Boston, had received a consign- 

 ment of plants from Dr. Hall, and among others was the 

 famous Liliitiu auratum which flowered for the first time in 

 America in July, 1862. In the early sixties, Thomas Hogg 

 visited Japan in the interest of Samuel Parsons and introduced, 

 in 1865, many plants, including Magnolia obovata. 



Another American, Prof. W. S. Clark, who went from 

 Amherst College in the early seventies, sent, in 1876, seeds of 

 many valuable plants, such as Magnolia kobus, Cercidophyllum 

 Japonicum, Syringa Japonica, Actiuidia Polygama, etc. In the 

 Arnold Arboretum, many fine specimens raised from his seeds 

 are growing today. 



Three Englishmen, John Gould Veitch from early spring to 

 autumn, 1860, Robert Fortune from the autumn of IS 60 to* the 

 summer of 1861, Charles Maries from 1877 to 1880 collected 

 extensively in Japan and each added to our gardens treasures 

 beyond price. During the same period and in the early eighties, 

 various foreign amateurs in Japan sent to their friends in 

 Europe such valuable plants as Vitis Coignitiac, Primus Sar- 

 gcibtii, Rosa nutltiflora, and Rosa Wichuriama. 



The pioneer work was supplemented by Prof. Charles S. 

 Sargent, director of Arnold Arboretum, who visited Japan in 

 1892. His predecessors in Japan had enjoyed a virgin field, 

 but as an offset to this, Sargent had the advantage which the 

 full knowledge of the subject gives. He knew not only the 

 Japanese plants already in cultivation in the Occident, but was 

 also fully acquainted with the whole forest flora of Japan, and 

 the result was a great number of beautiful and hardy trees and 

 shrubs added to our gardens. He introduced, among other 

 plants, all the Japanese deciduous oaks, certain horn beams, 

 birches, alders, and many other valuable plants. In fact, this 

 journey was the most fruitful in results of any undertaken in 



