20 THE AMERICAN BOTANIST 



ANACARDIACEAE. 

 Rhus Typhina. Staghorn Sumach. Drupes acid. Used 

 to make a summer drink. Bark contains much tannin. 



Rhus glabra. Smooth Sumach. Used like the preced- 

 ing. 



Rhus integrifolia. Lemonade Berry. Drupes used for 

 making an acid drink. 



HIPPOCASTANACEAE. 



Aesculus pavia. Red Buckeye. The bruised branches 

 thrown in water reported to stupefy fish. Roots abounding in 

 saponin. 



ACERACEAE. 

 Acer saccharum, Sugar Maple. Sap yields much sugar 

 of commercial importance. 



Acer rubntui. Red Maple. Like the preceding in pro- 

 ducing sugar. 



SAPINDACEAE. 



Sapindus Drummondi. Soapberry. Fruits used in place 

 of soap. 



RHAMNACEAE. 



Rhamnus catharticus. Buckthorn. The unripe berries 

 treated with alum gives the dye known as sap green. 



Rhamnus Calif ornicus. Cascara Segrada. Official drug. 



Ceanotkus Americanus. Jersey Tea. Flowers and fruits 

 saponaceous. Leaves sometimes used as a substitute for tea. 



Ceanotkus divaricatus. California Lilac. The fruits 

 and flowers of this and various other western ceanothi yield 

 saponin. 



VITACEAE. 



Vitis labrusca. Fox Grape. The parent of several of our 

 most desirable cultivated grapes. Used for wines, jellies and 

 as a table grape. 



/ 'itis rotundifolia. Muscadine. A southern vine which 

 is apparently the parent of the scuppernong grape. Several 

 other wild grapes are valued for jellies and wines. 



