THE AMERICAN BOTANIST 105 



$720.00 to $900.00 a year. Next above the guards are the 

 rangers or men who carry out the work on the ground. They 

 have to take care of themselves and their horses under very 

 trying conditions, such as building trails and cabins, and often 

 have to ride all day and night. In addition they must be fa- 

 miliar with lumbering, the sawmill, the handling of live stock, 

 mining and the land-laws. Rangers must have vigorous con- 

 stitutions and be in perfect health. They are paid from 

 $900.00 to $1500.00 a year and are directly under the nearest 

 supervisor who has charge of a national forest and who, there- 

 fore, has a very responsible position, since he manages a pub- 

 lic estate worth millions of dollars. He must have a good 

 knowledge of timber, and lumbering, the live stock industry, 

 land laws and office work but above all he must be able to deal 

 with all classes of men. The majority of supervisors are pro- 

 fessional foresters. They receive a salary of from $1500.00 

 to $3000.00 a year. Both rangers and supervisors are ap- 

 pointed only after passing civil service examinations and none 

 but competent men, who are able to withstand the hardships of 

 such a position are appointed. Though forestry is not a pay- 

 ing profession, financially, the men who choose it rarely regret 

 the choice, partly because it is wholesome and partly because 

 it is pioneer work. Above guards, rangers, and supervisors is 

 the forest service at Washington, whose work is distributed in 

 districts directly under the Forester and Associate Forester at 

 ' the Capital. 



Thus far in this discussion, no attention has been given to 

 any action on the part of the States, in relation to the forestry 

 problem, which might lead one to think that little or nothing 

 has been or is being done by State authorities. However, such 

 is not the case, and to show that the States are and have been 

 interested in this problem, we shall direct our attention first to 

 the declaration of Governors for the conservation of natural 



