404 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



cal organization there must necessarily come a corresponding 

 modification in the mental organization, we may the better be pre- 

 pared for the results which legitimately follow from such funda- 

 mental principles ; such, for instance, as the fact that the southern 

 hemisphere has not yet produced a single man who has left his 

 impress upon the race, or in any way pei'manently afl'ected its 

 destiny. 



Extending now our view to the whole population of the earth, 

 the fact will be revealed that every well defined geographical 

 locality, will have its corresponding type of humanity. Nature's 

 unvarying laws mould men into zone-belts, as they determine for 

 each geographical zone its peculiar type of vegetation. Emerson 

 says, "The extremes of divergence in one race of men, are as 

 unlike as the wolf and the lap-dog." 



If then, any population be allowed to remain long enoiugh in a 

 locality of marked physical characteristics, to come into physio- , 

 logical accordance with nature, and establish a well settled equi- 

 librium with all its climate elements, heat, cold, rain, snow, frost, 

 tempest, winds and floods,- — not less also with its changing sea- 

 sons and the productions of its soil, — there will result a type of 

 humanity which cannot be found or produced in a different climate 

 anywhere on the face of the globe beside. And when men thus 

 situated shall have attained the point of structural acclimatization, 

 and shall have given themselves for successive generations to such 

 pursuits as have been predetermined by the climate, there will also 

 result, coincidently, a peculiar type of mentality, the like of which 

 no other people will manifest, unless surrounded by similar physi- 

 cal conditions. 



Anj^ section of the earth's surface which is individualized by 

 well defined physical peculiarities, is like a founder's mould. Pour 

 a portion of our plastic humanity into it, and allow it to stand long 

 enough, and it will .sel. Having become physically stereotyped by 

 the primary, and mentally by the secondary influences of climate, 

 the successive casts which this mould will produce will be precisely 

 alike. Generations of men will follow each other for centuries, 

 manifesting no more signs of change in their modes of life or modes 

 of thought than do the trees in the form of their leaves or the time 

 of fruiting. Among the many specimens of workmanship into 

 which climate moulds humanity that might be related for examina- 

 tion, perhaps those upon the Asiatic continent and the valley of 

 the Nile arc among the most notable. 



