172 



THE AGEICULTUEAL NEWS. 



June 2, 1906. 



THE USE OF COTTON 



Another point iu favour of the cake-meal is the removal 

 of the linters, which is left on the ginned seed, but is removed 

 by the delinting machine prejiaratorv to the expression of the 

 oil. 



The keeping properties of these dift'erent products should 

 also be considered. Cotton cake (unground) being a com- 

 pressed and sterilized residue, keeps even in the West Indian 

 climate for a long time without deterioriation. Cotton seed 

 and, still more, disintegrated cotton seed, as a feeding stufiF, 

 more or less rapidly deteriorates. 



Finally, it may be mentioned that, directly applied to the 

 land, cotton-cake-meal decomposes more rapidly than cotton 

 seed, and the manurial constituents of the former are 

 therefore more readily available. 



It may therefore be laid down, wheres'er an oil factory 

 is available at which reasonable terms can be secured, that it 

 is the correct and economical course to exchange the seed for 

 a corresponding amount of wlole or crushed cake. 



Wherever possible the cake should be stored at the 

 factory and the crushed meal delivered to the planter as 

 required. When distance or freight difficulties render this 

 course impossible, tlje cake should be kept in a drv place and 

 ground on the plantation. 



TEEMS FOK THE EXCHANGE OF COTTON SEED. 



Having arrived at this conclusion, the planter will next 

 proceed to consider the terms upon which he should exchange 

 his seed for cotton cake or cotton-cake-meal. These condi- 

 tions must obviously depend upon the market price of cotton 

 seed oil and its products In the oil factory the cotton seed 

 is heated by steam and then subjected to hydraulic pressure. 

 In this way most of the oil is expressed, but the whole of the 

 protein remains. Analyses of the cotton seed and the 

 cotton cake, as pre})ared at the Barbados factory, .show that 

 a ton (2,240 lb.) of cotton seed gives about 1,700 tt). of 

 undeeorticated cotton cake, containing all the protein of the 

 .seed, a suitable proportion of fat for feeding purpo.ses, all the 

 nitrogen, and practically all the phosphate and pota.sh for 

 manurial purposes. 



The British Cotton-growing Association, acting under 

 the advice of the Imperial Department of Agriculture, made 

 a grant to Messrs. H. E. Thorne it Son to enable them to 

 erect a cotton oil factory in Barbados. This grant was made 

 subject to certain conditions which the Imperial Department 

 of Agriculture, after careful consideration and consultation, 

 recommended to the Association as securing advantageous 

 pecuniary conditions to the West Indian planter in the 

 exchange or sale of his cotton seed. These conditions may 

 therefore at present be accepted as a standard for the 

 guidance of [danters in any transactions of this kind. 



The terms offered by Messrs. H. E. Thorne it Son are 

 given below : — 



For Barbados. — §5'00 and 1,800 11j.* of cotton cake or 

 cotton-cake-meal by instalments as required for everj- 

 2,240 B). of fresh and good-quality seed, both delivered at 

 the factory, or 624-O0 per ton of cotton seed with no return 

 of cotton cake. 



/•'(;)• West India Islands. — Messrs. Thorne &. Son j)ay 

 !J24 00 per ton of fresh and good-quality seed delivered at 



* As mentioned above, analyses show that this amount of 

 cake ia really greater than that oV)tained from 1 ton of seed. 

 The conditions of the grant require Messrs. Thorne it Son toj),!}- 

 $5 per ton of seed and to return the cake, ol^tained therefrom, 

 ready t'round . 



SEED, ETC., ON WEST INDIAN PLANTATIONS. 

 (Continued.) 



Barbados : they sell back the cake-meal at 821 '00 per ton, at 

 Barbados. Estimating the freight at §2'40 per ton each 

 way, this works out to l,i<00 lb. cotton cake, and S2'60 per 

 ton of seed. 



With regard to the value of the oil manufactured from 

 ^Vest Indian cotton seed, it may be stated that Messrs. Thorne 

 it Son have succeeded in producing oil of high quality. 



(JOTTOX SEED OE 



COTTON C.VKE MU.ST NOT BE FED TO C.\LVES 

 OR PIGS. 



Before closing this article, it should again be pointed 

 out that cotton seed or cotton-seed-cake or cotton-cake-meal 

 must not be fed to calves or pigs, as cotton seed products act 

 poisonously on those animals. 



:;OTTON CAKE SHOULD BE RETAINED FOR THE PLANTATION. 



Finally, the fundamental importance to cotton growers 

 of retaining the seed for use in their own land has all along 

 been insisted upon by the Imperial Department of Agriculture. 

 By far the best way of doing this is to express the oil, to 

 feed the animals (other than pigs) with the residue of oil 

 cake, and to ajijily the resulting manure to the land. By so 

 doing the monetary value, feeding value, and manurial value 

 of the cotton seed are utilized to the utmost advantage. 



TABLE I. 



COMPARISON OF WEST INDIAN FEEDIN(i STUFFS. 



♦Analyses quoted from Henrj''s Feeds ciiul Feeding. 



t Analyses by F . Watts. 



1 Analysis by H. H. Cousins. 



