12 IHE AMERICAN BOTANIST 



ferent names would be in the proportion of the roots of each 

 lot that conformed to the same varietal form." 



Of the Cole Crops, Cabbage is of the greatest economic 

 ini[)ortance. Breeders have produced different shaped heads 

 — round or ball, egg-shaped, oval, flat and conical. The 

 modification of the cabbage leaf has given us kale, collard and 

 borecale. The modification of the stem has produced kohl- 

 rabi and Brussels sprouts. \'ariati(in in the flower and con- 

 sequent careful selection produced the cauliflower. All of 

 these originated from the wild Brassica oleracea. Plant-breed- 

 ers at Wisconsin Experiment Station have developed the Wis- 

 consin Hollander strain which is practically immune to Cab- 

 bage yellows. Southern-grown "frost-proof" has been proven 

 of little value. At the Ninth Annual Meeting of the New 

 York State Vegetable Growers Association, J\lr. E. N. Reed 

 told of a fine strain of Danish Ballhead Cabbage which has 

 given 20 tons to the acre for the last ten years. Chinese Cab- 

 bage or Celery Cabbage is becoming more poi)ular and it is a 

 good heavy cabbage, weighing from three to five pounds. M. 

 S. Lee of Kane County, Illinois, says he can get 98 hcad> out 

 of 100 plants set out. 



Herbert Starkey, President of the Pennsylvania \'ege- 

 table Growers Association, raised carrots from home-saved 

 Danver's seed. The yields were from 500 to 700 bushels per 

 acre. In New York, Oxheart has proved a heavy yielder — 2 

 pounds per foot of row. Varieties have been discovered by 

 breeders which are resistent to tlie Carrot rust fly (Psiln 



rosac). 



Self-blanciiing celery is directly the result of breeding 

 and selection. It did not apjjcar until 1884. It has revolu- 

 tionized commercial celery culture. Interesting varieties have 

 developed with which the grower should acquaint himself, 

 choosing the seed best adapted to his need. In this way pro- 



