SECRETARY'S REPORT. 105 



constitution, and in some cases where connected with pampering, 

 in sterility. f 



Col. Jaques, of the Ten Hills Farm near Boston, imported a pair 

 of Bremen geese in 1822. They were bred together till 1830, when 

 the gander was accidentally killed. Since then the goose bred, 

 with her offspring till she was killed by an attack of dogs in 1852. 

 Great numbers were bred during this time, and of course there was 

 much of the closest breeding, yet there was no deterioration, and in 

 fact some of the later ones were larger and better than the first pair^ 



The same gentleman also obtained a pair of wild g'eese from 

 Canada in 1818, which with their progeny were bred from without 

 change until destroyed by dogs with the above named in 1852. 

 They continued perfect as at first. 



Among gregarious ruminating animals in a state of nature, all 

 who associate in a herd acknowledge a chieftain, or head, who main- 

 tains his position by virtue of physical health, strength and general 

 superiority. He not only directs all their movements but is liter- 

 ally the father of the herd. When a stronger than he comes, the 

 post of chieftain and sire is yielded, but in all probability his suc- 

 cessor is one' of his own sons, who in turn begets offspring by his 



the second generation, eight in the third, sixteen in the fourth, the number neces- 

 sarily doubling each step farther back. Of the eight bulls named in the fourth 

 generation from which she was descended, one was by ' Favorite.' She is one-six- 

 teenth ' Favorite' on that account, but the cow to which he was then put was also 

 descended from ' Favorite,' and so are each of the other seven bulls and seven cows 

 which sfand on the same level of descent with the gr. gr. g. dam of ' Charmer.' 

 And in fact it will be found on examination that in so far as ' Charmer's' pedigree 

 is known, which it is in some instances to the sixteenth generation, she is not one- 

 sixteenth only but nearly nine-sixteenths of pure Favorite blood. This arises from 

 ' Favorite' having been used rejieatedly on cows descended from himself. In the 

 pedigree of ' Charmer' we repeatedly meet with ' Comet' — ' Comet' was by ' Fa- 

 vorite' and his dam ' Young Phoenix' was also by ' Favorite ;' with ' George' — 

 ' George' was by ' Favorite' and his dam ' Lady Grace' was also by ' Favorite;' 

 with ' Chilton' — ' Chilton' was by ' Favorite' and his dam was also by ' Favorite;' 

 with 'Minor' — 'Minor' was by ' Favorite' and his dam also was by 'Favorite;' 

 with 'Peeress' — she was by 'Favorite' and her dam also by 'Favorite;' with 

 ' Bright Eyes' — she was by 'Favorite' and her dam also by 'Favorite;' with 

 ' Strawberry' — she was by ' Favorite' and her dam by ' Favorite;' ' Dandy,' ' Moss 

 Rose,' among the cows and ' North Star' among the bulls are also of similar 

 descent. 



There is no difiiculty therefore in understanding how this name api^ears rei^eat- 

 edly in any given generation of the pedigree of any given animal of the Short-horn 

 breed." 



t Journal Royal Agricultural Society, volume 20, page 297. 



