502 



Eighth Annual Heport of the 



Kesume of Climatic Elements at Buffalo. 



Normal Temperature : Annual, 46.3°; January, 24.1=' ; July, 69.9°. 



Maxima : Average of annual maxima, 88° ; highest, 94°, in 1887. 



llinima : Average of annual minima, —4° ; lowest, —10°, in 1875. 



Daily variations: Mean daily range, greatest, 15.4°, in May; least, 12.2°, in December. 

 Daily periodic change, or amplitude, greatest, 10. S°, in August ; least, 3.7° in December. 

 Average variability of successive daily means, 7.4° (approximately). 



Precipitation: Average annual, 38.14 inches; greatest average monthly, 3.93 inches, in 

 October: least average monthly, 2.48 inches, in April. 



Number of rainy days : Greatest, 59 per cent, in January and December ; least, 31 per cent. 

 In August. 



Cloudiness : Annual percentage, 62.4 ; greatest, 81 percent, in December; least, 44 percent, 

 in August. 



No. clear days, j^ear . . 73.0 

 No. clear days, Dec ... 0.7 

 No. clear days, Aug. . . 10.3 



No. p'tlr cl'dy d'ys, year. . . 141 .0 

 No. p'tly cl'dy d'ys, Dec. . . . 8.2 

 No. p'tly cl'dy d'ys, Aug 14.0 



No. cloudy days, year. 151 .0 

 No. cloudy days, Dec. . 22. 1 

 No. cloudy days, Aug. 6.7 



Mean relative humidity : Annual, 74 per cent; greatest, 80 per cent, in January; least, 68 per 

 cent, in May. 



Average date of first snow, October S5th ; average date of first killing frost, October loth ; of 

 last killing frost of spring, April 30th. 



Average velocity of the wind in miles, per hour; 



Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year. 

 14.8 13.5 11.8 9.7 9.1 8.6 8.3 8.6 9.1 10.6 13.5 14.0 10.98 



V. HISTORICAL NOTICES OF THE WEATHER IN 

 AND NEAR NEW YORK. 



Tlie following statements are derived 'maiailj from Blodgett's 

 Climatology of the United States; and from the istatistics pre- 

 sented by Mr. J. C. Smock in the Climate of New Jersey. (Data 

 from the former source aire designated by the reference (B.) and 

 from the latter by (S.).) 



1717. In 1717 the " great snow " occurred, which is often men- 

 tioned in New England 'history of that date, ilt continued for 

 several days, February 19th to 24th, and remaLaed five or six feet 

 deep lon a level at Boston, and over all the settled parts of New 

 England. This winter is the most conspicuou®, if not the only 

 onei noted for extreme cold prior to 1740. (B.) 



1740. The winter of 1740-41 was distinguished both in- the 

 United States and Europe for intense cold. Jeffersom speaksi of 

 it 0is having been in Virginia only lesis severe than that oif 1779-80. 

 The Boston News Letter of March 5th says: "We hear from 

 Stratford, Cfonn., tliat the Sound is frozen over three leagues 



