May 3, 1920.] Agrictiltural Gazette of N.S.W. 333 



Dairy Produce Factory Premises and 

 Manufacturing Processes^ 



The Application of Scientific Methods to their 



Examination. 



[Continued from page 264.] 



L. T. MacINNES, Dairy Expert, and H. H. RANDELL, Assistant to the Biologist. 



Example 2. 



It had been noted that the choicest quality butter manufactured in a 

 certain large factory, while true to description as regards quality 

 immediately after manufacture, soon began to show signs of deterioration, 

 and when kept in cold storage for any lengthy period became unmistakably 

 "off" in flavour and aroma. 



As a result of the series of examinations made at different stages of the 

 manufacture, it was ascertained that while the pasteurising of the cream was 

 eflFectively done, in that the bacteria were practically all killed, yet this same 

 pasteurised cream, on being put into the churn, was found to be contami- 

 nated in the same manner as when first received at the factory. On inquiry 

 it was found that the manager, following out advice he had received, wa& 

 using a quantity of high acid unpasteurised cream as a "starter" for that 

 which had been neutralised and pasteurised. The " starter " cream was 

 found to contain similar germs to those in the bulk of the supply, and as a. 

 consequence the work and expense of pasteurising were being nullified. On 

 the plates being shown and the matter explained, the factory manager at 

 once discontinued the practice. 



Selecting special cans of cream from the general supply to be used as- 

 "starters" in this way is a very dangerous proceduie ; even with the most 

 skilled operator mistakes must occur, and it should be discontinued wherever 

 it has been in vogue. In propagating and using " stai-ters " there is no room 

 for guess-work. 



This factory, as in the previous example, is an old one erected some twenty 

 years ago, but in a better state of repair and kept in a much more sanitary 

 condition. The design is similar, and likewise there arc a number of rooms 

 on the first storey. The main walls and partitions, as also the ceilings and 

 the upper floor, are of wood. The walls and ceilings right throughout the 

 factory had been whitewashed \vith freshly-slaked hot lime a few days 

 previous to our inspection. This fact had a great bearing on the small 

 counts found in the atmospherically exposed plates, as the application of the 



