814 Agricultural Gazette ofN.S.W. [Nov. 2, 1920, 



to insure tliat each one gets a fair feed and is not unduly hurried ] feeding the 

 milk and other material at blood heat; the gradual substitution of skim milk 

 for whole milk, and the replacing of the nutritive material thus lost by 

 meal obtained from cereals or other concentrated food ; regularity in times of 

 feeding and of quantity of material used ; gradual change of food when 

 necessary, and gradual weaning. The skim milk which is used should be as 

 fresh as possible, since the longer it is kept the more likely it is to be con- 

 taminated and so cause diarrhoea. The skim milk, buttermilk, and ^ whey 

 obtained from creameries and factories is particularly dangerous, since the 

 feeder has no control over the possible contamination of the material ; it 

 should be pasteurised before being used. 



Tuberculosis. — Contracted by cattle when young by feeding on the milk 

 and milk products of tuberculous cows, and by grazing over badly 

 contaminated paddocks at a later stage. To prevent infection, stockowners 

 should do everything in their power to get rid of tuberculous cattle, and if 

 using the milk or milk products from mixed lierds for the purpose of feeding 

 their calves should pasteurise or boil it. 



Actinomycosis. — This disease is contracted from the feed, and very little 

 can be done to prevent it except to destroy animals affected, and so prevent 

 reinfection of pastures. 



Glass Seed Abscesses. — Due to grass seeds penetrating the soft tissues of 

 the mouth. It is difficult to prevent ; but overstocking the pastures on 

 which dangerous grasses such as barley grass grow, might ettect something. 



{To be continued.) 



When to Cut for Hay. 



Wheat is at the best stage to cut for hay a few days after it is in flower, 

 because at this stage the plant contains the maximum amount of nutritive 

 qualities, which are then also most evenly distributed throughout the 

 whole plant. Though the crop at the flowering stage contains the maximum 

 amount of nutritive matter it has not reached the stage when it will produce 

 the greatest weight of hay. The dry matter in the plant increases until it is 

 mature, and because of this some farmers refrain from cutting the crop until 

 the grain is in the soft dough stage, in order to get a greater quantity of hay, 

 but the extra weight is gained at the expense of feeding value and colour. 



" Mow your hay in the proper season, and be cautious that you do not mow 

 it too late," wrote Cato two thousand years ago, and tlie advice is good yet. — 

 A. H. E. McDonald, Chief Inspector of Agriculture. 



There is great opportunity for the young man with initiative and new ideas 

 to help make his community just what he wants it to be. And that is a lot 

 more fun than finding something ready-made awaiting you. — E. T. Meredith, 

 U.S. Secretary of Agriculture. 



