O ALLAN HANCOCK ATLANTIC EXPEDITION REPORT 



From Pta. Manzanillo to Pta. San Bias, a distance of 34 miles, 

 the coast turns eastward with both San Cristobal and Nombre de Dios 

 bays located in the first 5 miles. At Nombre de Dios Bay a mountain chain 

 arises which forms the backbone of eastern Panama, first as the Cordil- 

 leras de San Bias, then, without interruption, as the Serrania del Darien. 

 La Bruja, elevation 3,063 feet, and Cerro Brewster, elevation 3,018 feet, 

 are the highest peaks visible along this stretch, 8 and 14 miles inland, 

 respectively. 



Pta. San Bias forms the northeastern limit of the Golfo de San 

 Bias, 6 miles wide along a line drawn south from Pta. San Bias, and 

 indenting west of that line to a similar distance. There are three entrances 

 to the Golfo de San Bias, which is crowded with many small cays, the 

 Canal de San Bias and Canal de Holandes with 11 fathoms, and the 

 Canal de Caobos with 24 fathoms. The 50-fathom line extends well out- 

 side the off-lying Cayos de Chichime and Cayos Holandes. Depths to 27 

 fathoms are to be found within the Gulf itself, and Puerto Mandinga at 

 the western end of the Golfo de San Bias offers anchorage in 10-19 

 fathoms. 



From Pta. San Bias to Isla de Pinos, a distance of nearly 80 miles, the 

 coast curves in a southeasterly direction, while offshore to a distance of 9 

 miles lie the innumerable small islands, cays, and shoals which make up 

 the Archipelago de las Mulatas. These were surveyed in 1915-17 by the 

 U.S.S. Leonidas, and a series of detailed charts is available. A number of 

 navigable channels lead to safe anchorages, and fresh water may be found 

 in any of the streams descending from the Cordillera. Indian villages are 

 situated on many of the islands, and fish and game are plentiful in the 

 region. 



Caledonia Bay 



(Expedition Charts 1, 2) 

 (Collecting Stations Al-AlO, A49-A59) 



Caledonia Bay is located on the northeast coast of Panama 177 miles 

 east of Cristobal by ship's log and but a short distance from the Colombian 

 border. It extends in a southeasterly direction from Sasardi Point on the 

 northwest to Pta. Escoces on the southeast, a distance of 9 miles, but is 

 indented behind them to 12 miles. From Sasardi Point a series of cays or 

 islands extend 5 miles in the direction of Pta. Escoces, culminating in Isla 

 de Oro, elevation 470 feet. There are two entrances to the bay, the more 

 northerly, between Sasardi Point and Sasardi Islands, leading to Sasardi 

 Harbor, the more southerly, south of Isla de Oro, leading to Caledonia 



