NO. 3 HARTMAN : POLYCHAETOUS ANNELIDS 349 



it is known through large masses of concreted sandy tubes. It may be 

 significant in preventing shifting of large sand masses along shore, or 

 even in shore-building. 



Centrocorone spinifera Treadwell (1939, pp. 1-3, figs. 1-9) was 

 recently newly described from Puerto Rico. Although Centrocorone 

 Grube has long been considered a synonym of Sabellaria Lamarck, I 

 believe that this species belongs not to the latter, but rather to Phragma- 

 topoma, and that it is probably identical with P. lapidosa Kinberg. The 

 operculum was described as disk-shaped, dark brown, as tj'^pical of 

 species of Phragmatopoma, but was said to have only 2 kinds of paleae. 

 It seems likely that the innermost row, which is normally concealed and 

 not visible save by dissection, might have been overlooked. The outer 

 paleae are show^n to have the long, slender plume, as in P. lapidosa. The 

 given range (Puerto Rico) falls well within that of the older species. 



Johansson {Y^Xl ^ p. 99) has already identified both Sabellaria fauveli 

 Gravier and S. castelnaui Grube, as redescribed by Augener (1926) to 

 P. lapidosa. P. caudata, the type of the genus, is too inadequately known 

 to permit comparison. 



Distribution. — Brazil; West Indian seas, north to Miami, Florida; 

 Peru. 



Phragmatopoma calif ornica (Fewkes) 



Plate 29, Figs. 15-17; Plate 37, Figs. 86-89; Plate 41, Fig. 105 



Sabellaria calif ornica Fewkes, 1889, pp. 130-132, pi. 7, figs. 3, 4; Moore, 

 1909, pp. 293-294, fig. 6; Treadwell, 1914, p. 227; Chamberlin, 

 1918, p. 180; Hilton, 1918, p. 62; Chamberlin, 1919, p. 261; 

 Berkeley, 1941, p. 50. 



Collections.— 90\-?>^ (8) ; 904-38 (5) ; 912-39 (tubes) ; 913-39 (2) 

 1189-40 (tubes); 1193-40 (tubes); 1206-40 (tube); 1208-40 (many) 

 1209-40 (many); 1218-40 (many); 1221-40 (many); 1222-40 (2) 

 1284-41 (several); 1367-41 (several); 1370-41 (several); 1398-41 

 (many) ; 1406-41 (several) ; 1431-41 (2). 



Mature specimens are usually marked with considerable dark pig- 

 ment. The opercular stalk may be heavily streaked with oblique black 

 stripes but is never spotted as is Sabellaria cementarium (above), with 

 which it sometimes occurs. Ripe females are purple in the ovigerous 

 region, mature males are white. The outer opercular paleae are con- 

 spicuously scabrous, covered on their upper side with minute scales; 

 distally they terminate in a heavy recurved tooth on one side (toward 

 the ventrum) and a frayed membrane on the other (toward the dorsum) ; 



