/ 



386 THE BIOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 



bees coincide throughout Europe, Siberia, and America 

 (Fig. 57)- 



Fig. 57. — Pollination of monkshood (Aconitum Napellus) : A, section 

 through flower ; B, stamens and carpels, young flower ; C, stamens and 

 carpels, older flower. Nat. size. (After Miiller.) 



The small bells of Erica Tetralix, the cross-leaved heath, 



are visited vigorously by bees and many other insects. The 



club-like stigma lies in the mouth of 



the flower, the stamens hang a little 



further in. They dehisce by apical 



pores. From the basal end of each 



anther two spurs stick out, reaching 



the sides of the bell. A bee, clinging 



to the inflorescence, first touches the 



stigma ; as it pushes its proboscis past 



the anthers these, or their appendages, 



are jarred, and pollen is shaken on the 



insect's head. Self-pollination may 



Fig. 58.— Erica Tetra- follow, the pollen falling on the stigma, 

 to ; section through r-nA 1 ^\ • r • 1 r 1 



flower to show rela- 1 he bell IS otten just too long for the 

 tive position of stig- proboscis of the honey-bee, which then 



ma and stamens, the . , , c ^ n r 1 



latter with anther picrces the base 01 the nower from the 



outside and so obtains the nectar (Fig. 



58). 



The honeysuckle, Lonicera Periclymenum, is a moth 

 flower with a long corollar tube and a strong evening scent. 

 On the night of its first opening the five stamens project 



spurs. X 5. 

 Miiller.) 



(After 



