Fungi. — Pathologie. 3(^7 



lei is described , and the subseqiient division of the fusion 

 nucleus. 



In Coprlmis ephemenis the cells of the stipe and pileus 

 are muHinucIeated conditions, as described by Maire, while 

 the cells of the young gills are regularly binucleated. The writer 

 comments extensively on the possible bearing this binucleated 

 character of the Basidiomycetes may have in indicating relation- 

 ships with the Ascomycetes and üredineae. He points out that 

 binucleated cells have not been found among the Ascomycetes 

 either in vegetative ar ascogenous hyphae, vvhich he considers 

 an indication of the wide phylogenetic Separation of the two 

 groups. He claims furtherinore that the supposed derivation of 

 the basidium from various types of conidial fructification of the 

 Ascomycetes, as maintained by Massee and others, must be 

 regarded as extremely uncertain. The binucleated condition 

 of cells in the Ureclineae and the Basidiomycetes seems to 

 indicate a still closer relationship of these two groups; the 

 fusions of nuclei, (which have probably remained distinct for 

 long periods of vegetative growth in both teleutospore and 

 basidium are held to be distinctly comparable processes. It is 

 apparently clear that the similarity in nuclear fusion lies between 

 the Üredineae and the basidium, rather than between the ascus 

 and basidium. The author closes by stating, „It may well be 

 that both the origin and the physiological significance of the 

 fusions in ascus and basidium are entirely distinct." One plate 

 shows the structure of parts described. 



von Schrenk (St. Louis). 



Lafar, Franz, Technische Mykologie. Band II. Erstes 

 Drittel, p. 363—538. Jena (Gustav Fischer) 1901. 



Auf den reichen Inhalt des Heftes kann hier nur andeutungs- 

 weise hingewiesen werden. Nach einer ausführlichen Be- 

 sprechung der allgemeinen Morphologie und Physiologie der 

 Eiimyceten, in der zumal das letzte Capitel: „Reizwirkungen; 

 Allgemeines über i?«wyc^/c/7-Enzyme" interessirt, folgt eine 

 kurze allgemeine Schilderung der Zygomyceten imd eine ein- 

 gehendere Darlegung der durch solche hervorgerufenen 

 Gährungen (zumal Vergährungen stärkehaltiger Substrate). 



Die nächsten Capitel behandeln Gestalt, Bau und chemische 

 Zusammensetzung der Hefenzelle. Verf. hebt hervor, dass der 

 entwicklungsgeschichtliche Anschluss der Saccharomyceten an 

 irgend einer z. Z. lebenden Gruppe höherer Pilze bisher nicht 

 gefunden ist. Besonders erwähnt sei eine „Temperaturzeit- 

 Tabelle" für die Sporenbildung von 19 Saccliaromyces-krie^n 

 toezw. -Rassen. 



Der dreizehnte Abschnitt: „Hefenernährung und Hefen- 

 züchtung" ist nur eben begonnen, das Heft bricht hier ab. 



Hugo Fischer (Bonn). 



