596 Fungi. 



The above experiments, conducted with all possible pre- 

 caiition against contamination from floating spores appear to 

 prove conclusively that many forms of fungi occurring on 

 düng, are in reality produced from spores that have been 

 swallowed along with food. 



Agglutinated masses of spores of some Ascoboliis were- 

 collected in May on dead grass close to düng that had been 

 deposited the previous autumn. These spores germinated on 

 being passed through the intestinal canal of a guinea pig. 



Two new genera are described. Araclinomyces, Perithecia 

 globosa, simplicia astoma mcmbranacea parenchymatica appen- 

 dicibus fuscis eumorphis instructa , ascis minutis numerosis 

 globosis, sporis primum conglobatis continuis fuscis. Allied to- 

 Pleiiroasciis Mass. and Salm., and to Magniisia Sacc. 



Gymnodocliiiim, sporodochia subglobosa vel irregularia. 

 superficialia, convexa, nuda, i.e. setis destituta; conidiis catenu- 

 latis 1-septatis hyalinis in conidiophoris distinctis acrogenis. 

 Allied to the genus Endodesmia in the Tuberculariae. 



Eighteen new species are described, and there are in 

 addition twenty-two additions to the British Fungus Flora, 

 including Poronia punctata Ellis and Everh., previously only 

 recorded from the United States. ü. Massee (Kew). 



Barker, B. S. P, On spore-formation among the 

 Saccharomycetes. (Journal Federated Inst, of Brewing. VIII. 

 No. I. (1902.) p. 26. 50 figs. in text. 



This paper is confined to the study of the conditions 

 necessary for spore-formation. The work of previous investi- 

 gators in this subject is analysed, and, along with the original 

 work by the author, is discussed under two headings, as 

 follows. 



(A.) External conditions. (B.) Internal conditions. 



Heading A is divided into three sections: (1) The influence 

 of aeration. (2) The influence of temperature. (3) The influence 

 of food supply. 



The conclusions arrived at under these respective headings 

 are as follows. 



(1). Aeration is necessary, for two primary reasons; ex- 

 posure to a free supply of oxygen, and the removal of carbon 

 dioxide, which is detrimental to the formation of spores. 



Osmotic pressure, exerted by the surrounding medium, has 

 no effect on spore-formation. 



(2). Spore-formation is slow at a low temperature, and 

 increases in rapidity as an optimum point is reached, above 

 which a decrease is observed until a temperature is reached at 

 which spore-formation is entirely arrested. The Optimum tem- 

 perature varies for different species. 



in determining the effect of temperature on spore-formatioa 

 only young vigorous cells, prepared under similar conditions. 

 should be used. 



