Genus Pyrameis 
(3) Vanessa milberti, Godart, Plate XX, Fig. 10, $ ; Plate 
III, Fig. 36, larva; Plate IV, Figs. 43, 49, 50, chrysalis (Milbert’s 
Tortoise-shell). 
Butterfly. —Easily distinguished by the broad yellow submar¬ 
ginal band on both wings, shaded outwardly by red. It is nearly 
related to the European V. urticce. Expanse, 1.75 inch. 
The life-history has been worked out and described by nu¬ 
merous writers. The caterpillars feed upon the nettle ( Urtica ). 
This pretty little fly ranges from the mountains of West Vir¬ 
ginia northward to Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, thence west¬ 
ward to the Pacific. 
(4) Vanessa antiopa, Linnaeus, Plate I, Fig. 6, ? ; Plate 
III, Fig. 28, larva; Plate IV, Figs. 51, 58, 59, chrysalis (The 
Mourning-cloak; The Camberwell Beauty). 
Butterfly. —This familiar insect needs no description. It is 
well known to every boy in the north temperate zone. It is one 
of the commonest as well as one of the most beautiful species of 
the tribe. A rare aberration in which the yellow border invades 
the wing nearly to the middle, obliterating the blue spots, is some¬ 
times found. The author has a fine example of this “ freak.” 
The eggs are laid in clusters upon the twigs of the food- 
plant in spring (see p. 5, Fig. 11). There are at least two broods 
in the Northern States. The caterpillars feed on willows, elms, 
and various species of the genus Populus. 
Genus PYRAMEIS, Doubleday 
Butterfly. —The wings in their neuration approach closely to 
the preceding genus, but are not angulate, and the ornamen¬ 
tation of the under side tends to become ocellate, or marked 
by eye-like spots, and in many of the species is ocellate. 
Egg. —The egg is broadly ovoid, being much like the egg of the 
genus Vanessa. 
Caterpillar. —The caterpillar in its mature form is covered with 
spines, but these are not relatively as large as in l^anessa, and are 
not as distinctly branching. 
Chrysalis. —The chrysalis approaches in outline the chrysalis of 
the preceding genus, and is only differentiated by minor structural 
peculiarities. 
The genus includes only a few species, but some of them have 
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