Genus Papilio 
Early Stages. — The caterpillar resembles that of P. turnus , 
but may be distinguished by its paler color and the much smaller 
spots composing the longitudinal series on the back and sides, 
and by the different color of the head. It feeds upon a variety 
of plants, and is especially partial to Rhamnus californicus. 
The species ranges from Mexico to Alaska, and eastward as 
far as Colorado. It is abundant in the valleys of the Coast Range, 
and I have found it very common in the canon of the Fraser 
River, in British Columbia, in the month of June. 
(3) PapTio rutulus, Boisduval, Plate XLV, Fig. 1, & (Rutulus). 
Butterfly.— The insect very closely resembles the following 
species in color and markings, but the female is never dimorphic 
as in P. turnus , and the marginal spots on the under side of the 
fore wings run together, forming a continuous band, as in eury- 
medon , and are not separate as in P. turnus. By these marks it 
may always be distinguished. Expanse, £, 3.50-4.00 inches; 
$, 3.75-4.25 inches. 
Early Stages. —These have been described with accuracy by 
W. H. Edwards in the second volume of his great work. The 
caterpillar differs from that of P. turnus in many minute par¬ 
ticulars. It feeds on alder and willow. It is the representative 
on the Pacific coast of its Eastern congener, the common Tiger 
Swallowtail. 
(4) Papilio turnus, Linnseus, Plate XLIII, Fig. 1, £ ; Fig. 2, 
dimorphic form glaucus, Linnaeus, $ ; Plate II, Figs. 15, 26, 28, 
larva; Plate VI, Figs. 1-4, chrysalis (The Tiger Swallowtail). 
Butterfly.—The. “lordly Turnus” is one of the most beautiful 
insects of the Carolinian fauna. The plate shows the figures 
about one third smaller than in life, but they are sufficient for the 
immediate identification of the species. The species is dimorphic 
in the female sex in the southern portions of the territory which 
it occupies. The black form of the female was regarded for a 
long while as a distinct species, until by the test of breeding it was 
ascertained that some eggs laid by yellow females produced black 
females, and that, conversely, eggs laid by black females often 
produced yellow females. In Canada and northward and west¬ 
ward in northern latitudes the dark dimorphic female does not 
occur. A small yellow dwarfed form is common about Sitka, 
whence I have obtained numerous specimens. Expanse, $; 
3.00-4.00 inches; ?, 3.50-5.00 inches. 
309 
