Genus Papilio 
having the bands and black margins of the wings decidedly 
broader, and the .lobe of the anal angle of the hind wing so much 
lengthened as to give the wing the appearance of being furnished 
with three tails. Expanse, 3.80-4.30 inches. 
Early Stages. —All we know of these is derived from the 
brief account given by Schaus in “Papilio,” vol. iv, p. 100. Mr. 
Schaus says that the larva “feeds on laurel.” 
The insect is Mexican, and only occasionally occurs in Ari¬ 
zona. 
(7) Papilio thoas, Linnaeus, Plate XLII, Fig. 4, $ (Thoas). 
Butterfly. —This species is readily distinguished from its near 
ally, P. cresphontes, by the greater and more uniform breadth of 
the median band of yellow spots traversing both the fore and the 
hind wing, and by the almost total absence of the curved sub¬ 
marginal series of spots on the primaries. There are other points 
of difference, but these are so marked as to make the determina¬ 
tion of the species easy. 
Early Stages. —These have never been fully described, but we 
know that the caterpillar feeds upon the leaves of the lemon, the 
orange, and other plants of the citrus group. 
P. thoas is not common within the limits of the United States, 
where it is generally replaced by the following species; but it 
occasionally occurs in the hot lands of the extreme southern por¬ 
tion of Texas. 
(8) Papilio cresphontes, Cramer, Plate XLII, Fig. 3, 6 ; 
Plate II, Fig. 16, larva; Plate VI, Figs. 8-10, chrysalis (The Giant 
Swallowtail). 
Butterfly.— The principal points of difference between this 
and the preceding species, its closest ally, have already been 
pointed out, and are brought into view upon the plate. 
Early Stages .—These are quite well known. The caterpillar 
feeds upon Ptelea, Xanthoxylon, and various species of Citrus. It 
is very common in the orange-groves of Florida, where the peo¬ 
ple call the caterpillar the “orange-puppy,” and complain at times 
of the ravages perpetrated by it upon their trees. It appears to 
have been gradually spreading northward, and in quite recent 
years has appeared at points in the Northern States where before 
it had never been observed. It has been recently taken in On¬ 
tario. It has become rather abundant in the vicinity of the city 
of Pittsburgh, where no observer had seen it prior to the year 
311 
