Pyralidae 
England and Ontario southward through the valleys of the Ohio 
and the Mississippi as far as northern Texas. 
By weakening the trees the larvae cause the fruit to fall pre¬ 
maturely, and not a little damage is thus caused to the crop. It 
has been recommended to treat trees which are infested by the 
insect to a dust-bath made of air-slaked lime. It is said that this 
has the effect of destroying the larvae. A better method of pro¬ 
cedure is to give the trees a spraying with a very weak solution of 
one or the other of the coal-oil emulsions which are in use as 
disinfectants in orchards. 
Genus EPHESTIA Guenee 
(i) Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. (The Flour-moth.) 
Syn. gitonella Druce. 
This wretched pest, the original habitat of which is not 
known, has within recent years caused a great deal of trouble 
and expense to millers and dealers in grain on both sides of the 
Atlantic. It is believed by many European entomologists to be 
of American origin, but this cannot be proved. Others hold that 
Fig. 232. — E. kuehniella. (All figures greatly enlarged.) a , larva; b, pupa; 
r, moth; d, enlarged head of larva; e, enlarged segment; moth at rest; g, front 
wing, showing characteristic markings; h , i, neuration of wings. (After Riley, 
“ Insect Life,” Vol. II, p. 166.) 
it is an importation from the Orient, and it goes under the name 
of the Mediterranean Flour-moth in some localities. Wherever 
the creature came from, it is a decided plague. Rapidly multi¬ 
plying, it takes possession of mills and grain-warehouses, and 
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