Tortricidae 
on another. The coddling-moth is an importation from Europe. 
Not all the live stock brought into America from Europe, biped 
or hexapod, has turned out well. 
Genus ALCERIS Hubner 
(i) Alceris minuta Robinson. (The Green Apple Leaf-tier.) 
Syn. malivorana Le Baron; vacciniivorana Packard; variolana Zeller. 
The larvae of this insect feed in the early spring upon the 
young leaves of apple- and pear-trees, which they crumple up and 
tie together with threads of silk. Under the folded leaves they 
live and at last undergo their transformation into the pupal state. 
The caterpillars are green in color, and very nimble when dis¬ 
turbed, dropping to the ground or 
lowering themselves quickly upon 
a strand of silk. The chrysalis, as 
shown in the annexed cut, has a 
peculiar horn-like boss or projec¬ 
tion at the upper end. The insect 
does much damage in the spring 
by preventing the proper expan¬ 
sion of the leaves in the terminal 
buds and by devouring the blos¬ 
soms. The writer has for several 
years been greatly interested in 
observing the manner in which 
these pernicious little creatures 
have steadily robbed him of all fruit upon a couple of dwarf 
pear-trees which are growing at the rear of his city home. It has 
been found that a thorough spraying with a strong infusion of 
tobacco stems and slaked lime brings their work to a speedy 
end, and it is recommended to fruit-growers to resort to the 
application of this old-fashioned remedy when needed. 
Genus EPAGOGE Hubner 
(i) Epagoge tunicana Walsingham, Plate XLVIII, Fig. 
40, $. 
This rather neatly marked moth, which may be accepted as a 
good representative of its genus, inhabits the Pacific subregion. 
421 
Fig. 242.—- Alceris minuta. a, 
larva; b, pupa; c, moth; d, folded 
apple-leaf concealing pupa. (After 
Riley.) 
