MODIFICATIONS OF CLAWS 65 



hind claws of the male are also toothed. In the main group of Aedes, in 

 which the claws of the female are toothed, there is much diversity in the front 

 and middle claws of the male. Thus in Aedes curriei and other forms the large 

 claw of the front feet bears two teeth, the smaller claw one, while on the middle 

 legs both claws bear a single tooth. In Aedes sylvestns both claws of the front 

 feet bear a single tooth, while on the middle feet the large claw only is toothed. 

 In Aedes fuscus only the large claw of the front and middle legs bears a tooth. 

 In all the forms in which the hind claws of the female are toothed these are also 

 toothed in the male, and, as in the female, of equal length. In Aedes col opus 

 the female has toothed claws on the front and middle legs ; the male has a tooth 

 on the large claw of the front feet only, the claws of the middle feet are simple 

 but unequal. In the males of other forms of Aedes in which the claws of the 

 female are simple, as Aedes fulvitliorax, the large claw of the front and middle 

 legs is toothed, the smaller one simple. The same is true of Mansonia per- 

 turbans and other species of that genus. In Bancroftia the large claw of the 

 front and middle legs of the male bears a single slender tooth near the middle, 

 while the smaller tooth is simple. In the male of Megarliinus the larger claw 

 of the front and middle feet bears a sharp tooth. In the male of Stegoconops 

 capicorni both claws of the front feet bear a small tooth near the base ; on the 

 middle feet the large claw is simple, while the small one carries a tooth. The 

 female of this species has toothed claws. Stegoconops alhomaculatus, in which 

 the claws of the female are simple, has the larger claw of the front and middle 

 feet of the male armed with a single tooth while the smaller claw is simple. In 

 Culiseta, where again the female claws are unanned, the male has the claws of 

 the front and middle legs toothed, the larger claw bearing two teeth, the smaller 

 a single one. 



In the genus Deinocerites the tendency in the male claws is towards sim- 

 plicity. In Deinocerites cancer and D. melanophylum the claws of the front and 

 middle legs are unequal in the male, the larger claw toothed, the smaller simple. 

 In Deinocerites troglodytus the claws of the front and middle feet of the male 

 are large but equal ; both claws are toothed on the front feet, on the middle feet 

 only one of them. In Deinocerites pseudes, finally, all the claws of the male are 

 simple and equal ; those of the front feet, however, are very large and sickle- 

 shaped. In the male of Uranotcenia all the claws are simple ; those of the front 

 legs are equal ; the middle feet, however, have a single, large, strongly hooked 

 claw which is inserted beneath, behind the apex of the tarsus. 



In Anopheles the claws of the front feet only are modified in the male. There 

 is one large claw with a tooth at the middle and another laterally at the base. 

 The second claw is rudimentary and, with the empodium, inserted some distance 

 behind the large claw. Theobald figures the large claw of Anopheles grabhamii 

 without basal tooth; there is, however, a well-developed basal tooth in this, as 

 in all the other species of Anopheles we have examined. In the closely related 

 Coelodiazesis hai-heri the small claw, together with the empodium, is placed well 

 forward near the large claw ; it is, however, very small and strongly curved. The 

 large claw has an additional smaller basal tooth on the side opposite the other 

 one. 



